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Complex AI systems make better predictions but often lack transparency, limiting trustworthiness, interpretability, and safe deployment. Common post hoc AI explainers, such as LIME, SHAP, HSIC, and SAGE, are model agnostic but are too…

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models in real-world and high-risk applications has intensified the discussion about their trustworthiness and ethical usage, from both a technical and a legislative perspective. The field of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Ilaria Vascotto , Alex Rodriguez , Alessandro Bonaita , Luca Bortolussi

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has become increasingly significant for improving the interpretability and trustworthiness of machine learning models. While saliency maps have stolen the show for the last few years in the XAI…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-09-08 Antonin Poché , Lucas Hervier , Mohamed-Chafik Bakkay

This paper addresses a significant gap in explainable AI: the necessity of interpreting epistemic uncertainty in model explanations. Although current methods mainly focus on explaining predictions, with some including uncertainty, they fail…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Helena Löfström , Tuwe Löfström , Johan Hallberg Szabadvary

Explainable AI (XAI) helps users interpret model behavior and identify potential faults. Agentic XAI systems use Large Language Models (LLMs) to make explanations more accessible through natural-language interaction, but they can also…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Jaechang Kim , Sunung Mun , Seungjoon Lee , Jaewoong Cho , Jungseul Ok

Explainable AI (XAI) has a counterpart in analytical modeling which we refer to as model explainability. We tackle the issue of model explainability in the context of prediction models. We analyze a dataset of loans from a credit card…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-03 Donald Kridel , Jacob Dineen , Daniel Dolk , David Castillo

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is often an integral part of modern decision support systems. The best-performing predictive models used in AI-based decision support systems lack transparency. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Tuwe Löfström , Helena Löfström , Ulf Johansson , Cecilia Sönströd , Rudy Matela

Strategies based on Explainable Artificial Intelligence - XAI have emerged in computing to promote a better understanding of predictions made by black box models. Most XAI measures used today explain these types of models, generating…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-18 José Ribeiro , Raíssa Silva , Lucas Cardoso , Ronnie Alves

Explaining the predictions of opaque machine learning algorithms is an important and challenging task, especially as complex models are increasingly used to assist in high-stakes decisions such as those arising in healthcare and finance.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-29 David S. Watson

Post-hoc explanation methods are widely used to interpret black-box predictions, but their generation is often computationally expensive and their reliability is not guaranteed. We propose epistemic uncertainty as a low-cost proxy for…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Georgii Mikriukov , Grégoire Montavon , Marina M. -C. Höhne

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to help human decision-makers in understanding complex machine learning (ML) models. One of the hallmarks of XAI are measures of relative feature importance, which are theoretically justified…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-02-12 Joao Marques-Silva , Xuanxiang Huang

Modern AI systems frequently rely on opaque black-box models, most notably Deep Neural Networks, whose performance stems from complex architectures with millions of learned parameters. While powerful, their complexity poses a major…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 David Dembinsky , Adriano Lucieri , Stanislav Frolov , Hiba Najjar , Ko Watanabe , Andreas Dengel

The accelerated progress of artificial intelligence (AI) has popularized deep learning models across various domains, yet their inherent opacity poses challenges, particularly in critical fields like healthcare, medicine, and the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Michail Mamalakis , Antonios Mamalakis , Ingrid Agartz , Lynn Egeland Mørch-Johnsen , Graham Murray , John Suckling , Pietro Lio

Time series forecasting aids decision-making, especially for stakeholders who rely on accurate predictions, making it very important to understand and explain these models to ensure informed decisions. Traditional explainable AI (XAI)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Taha Aksu , Chenghao Liu , Amrita Saha , Sarah Tan , Caiming Xiong , Doyen Sahoo

Counterfactual explanations have emerged as a prominent method in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), providing intuitive and actionable insights into Machine Learning model decisions. In contrast to other traditional feature…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate natural-language explanations in recommender systems, acting as explanation agents that reason over user behavior histories. While prior work has focused on explanation fluency…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Guilin Zhang , Kai Zhao , Jeffrey Friedman , Xu Chu

Predictive Process Monitoring (PPM) often uses deep learning models to predict the future behavior of ongoing processes, such as predicting process outcomes. While these models achieve high accuracy, their lack of interpretability…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Soobin Chae , Suhwan Lee , Hanna Hauptmann , Hajo A. Reijers , Xixi Lu

The field of 'explainable' artificial intelligence (XAI) has produced highly cited methods that seek to make the decisions of complex machine learning (ML) methods 'understandable' to humans, for example by attributing 'importance' scores…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-08 Benedict Clark , Rick Wilming , Stefan Haufe

The field of "explainable artificial intelligence" (XAI) seemingly addresses the desire that decisions of machine learning systems should be human-understandable. However, in its current state, XAI itself needs scrutiny. Popular methods…

In recent years, Explainable AI (xAI) attracted a lot of attention as various countries turned explanations into a legal right. xAI allows for improving models beyond the accuracy metric by, e.g., debugging the learned pattern and…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-10-05 Mohamed Karim Belaid , Eyke Hüllermeier , Maximilian Rabus , Ralf Krestel