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Formal verification can provably guarantee the correctness of critical system software, but the high proof burden has long hindered its wide adoption. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown success in code analysis and synthesis.…

形式语言与自动机理论 · 计算机科学 2023-11-27 Jianan Yao , Ziqiao Zhou , Weiteng Chen , Weidong Cui

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capability to understand and develop code. However, their capability to rigorously reason about and prove code correctness remains in question. This paper offers a comprehensive study of…

操作系统 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Chenyuan Yang , Natalie Neamtu , Chris Hawblitzel , Jacob R. Lorch , Shan Lu

Generative AI has shown its values for many software engineering tasks. Still in its infancy, large language model (LLM)-based proof generation lags behind LLM-based code generation. In this paper, we present AutoVerus. AutoVerus uses LLMs…

The Rust programming language provides a powerful type system that checks linearity and borrowing, allowing code to safely manipulate memory without garbage collection and making Rust ideal for developing low-level, high-assurance systems.…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2023-03-14 Andrea Lattuada , Travis Hance , Chanhee Cho , Matthias Brun , Isitha Subasinghe , Yi Zhou , Jon Howell , Bryan Parno , Chris Hawblitzel

We present and test the largest benchmark for vericoding, LLM-generation of formally verified code from formal specifications - in contrast to vibe coding, which generates potentially buggy code from a natural language description. Our…

Formal verification provides the highest assurance of software correctness and security, but its application to large-scale, evolving systems remains a major challenge. While large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in automating…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Yuwei Liu , Xinyi Wan , Yanhao Wang , Minghua Wang , Lin Huang , Tao Wei

Large language models can generate useful code from natural language, but their outputs come without correctness guarantees. Verifiable code generation offers a path beyond testing by requiring models to produce not only executable code,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Zichen Xie , Mrigank Pawagi , Yuxin Liu , Aaditi Rai , Lize Shao , John Berberian , Sicong Che , Wenxi Wang

Rust is a programming language that combines memory safety and low-level control, providing C-like performance while guaranteeing the absence of undefined behaviors by default. Rust's growing popularity has prompted research on safe and…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-28 Aidan Z. H. Yang , Yoshiki Takashima , Brandon Paulsen , Josiah Dodds , Daniel Kroening

Hardware verification is crucial in modern SoC design, consuming around 70% of development time. SystemVerilog assertions ensure correct functionality. However, existing industrial practices rely on manual efforts for assertion generation,…

The remarkable capability of large language models (LLMs) in generating high-quality code has drawn increasing attention in the software testing community. However, existing code LLMs often demonstrate unsatisfactory capabilities in…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-02-07 Yifeng He , Jiabo Huang , Yuyang Rong , Yiwen Guo , Ethan Wang , Hao Chen

The ever-growing popularity of large language models (LLMs) has resulted in their increasing adoption for hardware design and verification. Prior research has attempted to assess the capability of LLMs to automate digital hardware design by…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-08-07 Sneha Swaroopa , Rijoy Mukherjee , Anushka Debnath , Rajat Subhra Chakraborty

Verifiers play a crucial role in large language model (LLM) reasoning, needed by post-training techniques such as reinforcement learning. However, reliable verifiers are hard to get for difficult coding problems, because a well-disguised…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Zhongmou He , Yee Man Choi , Kexun Zhang , Jiabao Ji , Junting Zhou , Dejia Xu , Ivan Bercovich , Aidan Zhang , Lei Li

The Rust programming language, with its safety guarantees, has established itself as a viable choice for low-level systems programming language over the traditional, unsafe alternatives like C/C++. These guarantees come from a strong…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-08-11 Pantazis Deligiannis , Akash Lal , Nikita Mehrotra , Aseem Rastogi

Ensuring correctness is crucial for code generation. Formal verification offers a definitive assurance of correctness, but demands substantial human effort in proof construction and hence raises a pressing need for automation. The primary…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated in software development, but ensuring correctness in LLM-generated code remains challenging and often requires costly manual review. Verifiable code generation -- jointly generating…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Zhe Ye , Zhengxu Yan , Jingxuan He , Timothe Kasriel , Kaiyu Yang , Dawn Song

Program verification is a formal technique to rigorously ensure the correctness and fault-freeness of software systems. However, constructing comprehensive interprocedural specifications for full verification obligations is time-consuming…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Lezhi Ma , Shangqing Liu , Yi Li , Qiong Wu , Han Wang , Lei Bu

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a promising approach for training reasoning language models (RLMs) by leveraging supervision from verifiers. Although verifier implementation is easier than solution…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Andre He , Nathaniel Weir , Kaj Bostrom , Allen Nie , Darion Cassel , Sam Bayless , Huzefa Rangwala

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly assist secure software development, their ability to meet the rigorous demands of Rust program verification remains unclear. Existing evaluations treat Rust verification as a black box, assessing…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Zichen Xie , Wenxi Wang

Large language models have become proficient at generating functional code, but ensuring the output truly matches the programmer's intent remains difficult. Testing improves trust, yet for safety-critical applications, formal verification…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Mantas Baksys , Stefan Zetzsche , Olivier Bouissou , Remi Delmas , Soonho Kong , Sean B. Holden

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced automated test generation, yet existing methods often rely on ground-truth code for verification, risking bug propagation and limiting applicability in test-driven development. We…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Hamed Taherkhani , Alireza DaghighFarsoodeh , Mohammad Chowdhury , Hung Viet Pham , Hadi Hemmati
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