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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) achieve outstanding performance, yet their huge model size severely hinders deployment on edge devices with limited resources. As an efficient model compression technique, vector quantization (VQ) excels in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Zhong Wang , Zukang Xu , Xing Hu , Dawei Yang

The key-value (KV) cache accelerates LLMs decoding by storing KV tensors from previously generated tokens. It reduces redundant computation at the cost of increased memory usage. To mitigate this overhead, existing approaches compress KV…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Hao Wang , Ligong Han , Kai Xu , Akash Srivastava

Large language models (LLMs) with extended context windows enable powerful downstream applications but impose significant memory overhead, as caching all key-value (KV) states scales linearly with sequence length and batch size. Existing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Yuzhe Gu , Xiyu Liang , Jiaojiao Zhao , Enmao Diao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in scenarios demanding ultra-long context reasoning, such as agentic workflows and deep research understanding. However, long-context inference is constrained by the KV cache, a…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Jianlong Lei , Shashikant Ilager

Large Language Models (LLMs) use key-value (KV) cache to reduce redundant computation in autoregressive generation. However, the KV cache size increases linearly during generation, leading to excessive memory usage, especially for long…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Jian Yuan , Ziwei He , Haoli Bai , Jingwen Leng , Bo Jiang

Long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has significantly advanced the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), but this progress is accompanied by substantial memory and latency overhead from the extensive Key-Value (KV) cache. Although…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Tao Zhang , Ziqian Zeng , Hao Peng , Huiping Zhuang , Cen Chen

The quadratic complexity of attention remains the central bottleneck in long-context inference for large language models. Prior acceleration methods either sparsify the attention map with structured patterns or permanently evict tokens at…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Dongwon Jo , Beomseok Kang , Jiwon Song , Jae-Joon Kim

Optimizing the Key-Value (KV) cache of the Large Language Model (LLM) has been considered critical to saving the cost of inference. Most of the existing KV-cache compression algorithms attempted to sparsify the sequence of tokens by taking…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-11 Zihao Wang , Bin Cui , Shaoduo Gan

Attention based models have achieved many remarkable breakthroughs in numerous applications. However, the quadratic complexity of Attention makes the vanilla Attention based models hard to apply to long sequence tasks. Various improved…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-18 Xue Wang , Tian Zhou , Jianqing Zhu , Jialin Liu , Kun Yuan , Tao Yao , Wotao Yin , Rong Jin , HanQin Cai

The scalability of long-context large language models is fundamentally limited by the quadratic memory cost of exact self-attention, which often leads to out-of-memory (OOM) failures on modern hardware. Existing methods improve memory…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Yiming Bian , Joshua M. Akey

It is customary to deploy uniform scalar quantization in the end-to-end optimized Neural image compression methods, instead of more powerful vector quantization, due to the high complexity of the latter. Lattice vector quantization (LVQ),…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-11-26 Xi Zhang , Xiaolin Wu

KV cache pruning has emerged as a promising technique for reducing memory and computation costs in long-context auto-regressive generation. Existing methods for vision-language models (VLMs) typically rely on self-attention scores from…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-09 Xiaohuan Pei , Tao Huang , Chang Xu

Mixture of Experts (MoE) models have achieved great success by significantly improving performance while maintaining computational efficiency through sparse expert activation. However, their enormous parameter sizes and memory demands pose…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Zukang Xu , Zhixiong Zhao , Xing Hu , Zhixuan Chen , Dawei Yang

Attention mechanisms have revolutionized natural language processing. Combining them with quantum computing aims to further advance this technology. This paper introduces a novel Quantum Mixed-State Self-Attention Network (QMSAN) for…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-12-03 Fu Chen , Qinglin Zhao , Li Feng , Chuangtao Chen , Yangbin Lin , Jianhong Lin

Recently the generative Large Language Model (LLM) has achieved remarkable success in numerous applications. Notably its inference generates output tokens one-by-one, leading to many redundant computations. The widely-used KV-Cache…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Weizhuo Li , Zhigang Wang , Yu Gu , Ge Yu

In this paper, we introduce RWKV-X, a novel hybrid architecture that combines the efficiency of RWKV for short-range modeling with a sparse attention mechanism designed to capture long-range context. Unlike previous hybrid approaches that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-12 Haowen Hou , Zhiyi Huang , Kaifeng Tan , Rongchang Lu , Fei Richard Yu

In this work, we design and implement VQ-LLM, an efficient fused Vector Quantization (VQ) kernel generation framework. We first introduce a software abstraction called codebook cache to optimize codebook access efficiency and support the…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Zihan Liu , Xinhao Luo , Junxian Guo , Wentao Ni , Yangjie Zhou , Yue Guan , Cong Guo , Weihao Cui , Yu Feng , Minyi Guo , Yuhao Zhu , Minjia Zhang , Jingwen Leng , Chen Jin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in applications requiring long context lengths, but the key-value (KV) cache often becomes a memory bottleneck on GPUs as context grows. To address this, we propose Commutative Vector…

The Key-Value (KV) cache is central to the efficiency of transformer-based large language models (LLMs), storing previously computed vectors to accelerate inference. Yet, as sequence length and batch size grow, the cache becomes a major…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-08 Damien Lesens , Beheshteh T. Rakhshan , Guillaume Rabusseau

Emerging Large Language Model (LLM) applications require long input context in order to perform complex tasks like document analysis and code generation. For these long context length applications, the length of the input prompt poses a…