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Agentic systems for business process automation often require compliance with policies governing conditional updates to the system state. Evaluation of policy adherence in LLM-based agentic workflows is typically performed by comparing the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Ella Rabinovich , David Boaz , Naama Zwerdling , Ateret Anaby-Tavor

The robustness of LLMs to jailbreak attacks, where users design prompts to circumvent safety measures and misuse model capabilities, has been studied primarily for LLMs acting as simple chatbots. Meanwhile, LLM agents -- which use external…

Modern clinical practice relies on evidence-based guidelines implemented as compact scoring systems composed of a small number of interpretable decision rules. While machine-learning models achieve strong performance, many fail to translate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Silas Ruhrberg Estévez , Christopher Chiu , Mihaela van der Schaar

Predicting the performance of LLMs on individual task instances is essential to ensure their reliability in high-stakes applications. To do so, a possibility is to evaluate the considered LLM on a set of task instances and train an assessor…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-06 Lorenzo Pacchiardi , Lucy G. Cheke , José Hernández-Orallo

While existing benchmarks demonstrate the near-perfect performance of large language models (LLMs) on various tasks, this apparent saturation often obscures the need for rigorous evaluation of their reliability. In real-world deployment,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Eungyeup Kim , Chenchen Gu , Vashisth Tiwari , J. Zico Kolter

Reinforcement Learning (RL) significantly enhances the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs), yet applying it to multi-turn agentic tasks remains challenging due to the long-horizon nature of interactions and the stochasticity…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Jingyue Gao , Yanjiang Guo , Xiaoshuai Chen , Jianyu Chen

LLM-based automated program repair (APR) techniques have shown promising results in reducing debugging costs. However, prior results can be affected by data leakage: large language models (LLMs) may memorize bug fixes when evaluation…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Milan De Koning , Ali Asgari , Pouria Derakhshanfar , Annibale Panichella

Exploitation is not a binary event. It is a ladder of acquiring progressive capabilities, from executing a single buggy line of code to taking full control of the target. However, existing LLM security benchmarks treat a crash as…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Seunghyun Lee , David Brumley

Current evaluations of tool-integrated LLM agents typically focus on end-to-end tool-usage evaluation while neglecting their stability. This limits their real-world applicability, as various internal or external factors can cause agents to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-30 Weimin Xiong , Ke Wang , Yifan Song , Hanchao Liu , Sai Zhou , Wei Peng , Sujian Li

Human intelligence involves metacognitive abilities like self-regulation, recognizing limitations, and seeking assistance only when needed. While LLM Agents excel in many domains, they often lack this awareness. Overconfident agents risk…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-10 So Yeon Min , Yue Wu , Jimin Sun , Max Kaufmann , Fahim Tajwar , Yonatan Bisk , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

The widespread adoption of large language models (LLMs) makes it important to recognize their strengths and limitations. We argue that in order to develop a holistic understanding of these systems we need to consider the problem that they…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-26 R. Thomas McCoy , Shunyu Yao , Dan Friedman , Matthew Hardy , Thomas L. Griffiths

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly exposed to adaptive jailbreaking, particularly in high-stakes Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) domains. Although streaming probes enable real-time monitoring, they still…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Xuanli He , Bilgehan Sel , Faizan Ali , Jenny Bao , Hoagy Cunningham , Jerry Wei

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant advancements in error handling. Current error-handling works are performed in a passive manner, with explicit error-handling instructions. However, in real-world scenarios, explicit…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Jiayi Zeng , Yizhe Feng , Mengliang He , Wenhui Lei , Wei Zhang , Zeming Liu , Xiaoming Shi , Aimin Zhou

Although large language models (LLMs) have transformed AI, they still make mistakes and can explore unproductive reasoning paths. Self-correction capability is essential for deploying LLMs in safety-critical applications. We uncover a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Ken Tsui

The expanding integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into recommender systems poses critical challenges to evaluation reliability. This paper identifies and investigates a previously overlooked issue: benchmark data leakage in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Mingqiao Zhang , Qiyao Peng , Yinghui Wang , Hongtao Liu , Yumeng Wang

The interactive nature of Large Language Models (LLMs) theoretically allows models to refine and improve their answers, yet systematic analysis of the multi-turn behavior of LLMs remains limited. In this paper, we propose the FlipFlop…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-22 Philippe Laban , Lidiya Murakhovs'ka , Caiming Xiong , Chien-Sheng Wu

Large language models (LLMs) are demonstrating increasing prowess in cybersecurity applications, creating creating inherent risks alongside their potential for strengthening defenses. In this position paper, we argue that current efforts to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Kamilė Lukošiūtė , Adam Swanda

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable adaptability to diverse tasks, by leveraging context prompts containing instructions, or minimal input-output examples. However, recent work revealed they also exhibit label bias -- an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-07 Yuval Reif , Roy Schwartz

Leaderboard scores on public benchmarks have been steadily rising and converging, with many frontier language models now separated by only marginal differences. However, these scores often fail to match users' day to day experience, because…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Yiliang Song , Hongjun An , Jiangong Xiao , Haofei Zhao , Jiawei Shao , Xuelong Li

LLM agents are evolving rapidly, powered by code execution, tools, and the recently introduced agent skills feature. Skills allow users to extend LLM applications with specialized third-party code, knowledge, and instructions. Although this…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 David Schmotz , Luca Beurer-Kellner , Sahar Abdelnabi , Maksym Andriushchenko