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Large language models face significant computational and memory challenges when processing long contexts. During inference, efficient management of the key-value (KV) cache, which stores intermediate activations for autoregressive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Yuxuan Zhu , Ali Falahati , David H. Yang , Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri

Large language models (LLMs) based on Transformer Decoders have become the preferred choice for conversational generative AI. Despite the overall superiority of the Decoder architecture, the gradually increasing Key-Value (KV) cache during…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-16 Luohe Shi , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang , Guoming Liu , Baoyuan Qi , Hai Zhao

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential across a wide range of practical applications. However, long-context inference remains a significant challenge due to the substantial memory requirements…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Bo Jiang , Taolue Yang , Youyuan Liu , Xubin He , Sheng Di , Sian Jin

While Large Language Models (LLMs) can theoretically support extensive context windows, their actual deployment is constrained by the linear growth of Key-Value (KV) cache memory. Prevailing compression strategies mitigate this through…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Aryan Sood , Tanvi Sharma , Vansh Agrawal

Large Language models (LLMs) have become a research hotspot. To accelerate the inference of LLMs, storing computed caches in memory has become the standard technique. However, as the inference length increases, growing KV caches might lead…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-13 Meizhi Zhong , Xikai Liu , Chen Zhang , Yikun Lei , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Kehai Chen , Min Zhang

The Key-Value (KV) cache is central to the efficiency of transformer-based large language models (LLMs), storing previously computed vectors to accelerate inference. Yet, as sequence length and batch size grow, the cache becomes a major…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-08 Damien Lesens , Beheshteh T. Rakhshan , Guillaume Rabusseau

Rapid advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have spurred demand for processing extended context sequences in contemporary applications. However, this progress faces two challenges: performance degradation due to sequence lengths…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Wei Wu , Zhuoshi Pan , Chao Wang , Liyi Chen , Yunchu Bai , Tianfu Wang , Kun Fu , Zheng Wang , Hui Xiong

Existing KV cache compression methods generally operate on discrete tokens or non-semantic chunks. However, such approaches often lead to semantic fragmentation, where linguistically coherent units are disrupted, causing irreversible…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Shunlong Wu , Hai Lin , Shaoshen Chen , Tingwei Lu , Yongqin Zeng , Shaoxiong Zhan , Hai-Tao Zheng , Hong-Gee Kim

The growing memory footprint of the Key-Value (KV) cache poses a severe scalability bottleneck for long-context Large Language Model (LLM) inference. While KV cache eviction has emerged as an effective solution by discarding less critical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Jinhan Chen , Jianchun Liu , Hongli Xu , Xianjun Gao , Shilong Wang

Efficient KV cache management in LLMs is crucial for long-context tasks like RAG and summarization. Existing KV cache compression methods enforce a fixed pattern, neglecting task-specific characteristics and reducing the retention of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Xiabin Zhou , Wenbin Wang , Minyan Zeng , Jiaxian Guo , Xuebo Liu , Li Shen , Min Zhang , Liang Ding

Key-Value cache (\texttt{KV} \texttt{cache}) compression has emerged as a promising technique to optimize Large Language Model (LLM) serving. It primarily decreases the memory consumption of \texttt{KV} \texttt{cache} to reduce the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Wei Gao , Xinyu Zhou , Peng Sun , Tianwei Zhang , Yonggang Wen

Multimodal Large Language Models face severe challenges in computational efficiency and memory consumption due to the substantial expansion of the visual KV cache when processing long visual contexts. Existing KV cache compression methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Sihao Liu , YuFan Xiong , Zhonghua Jiang , Zhaode Wang , chengfei lv Shengyu Zhang

Generative inference in Large Language Models (LLMs) is impeded by the growing memory demands of Key-Value (KV) cache, especially for longer sequences. Traditional KV cache eviction strategies, which discard less critical KV pairs based on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-14 Zhongwei Wan , Xinjian Wu , Yu Zhang , Yi Xin , Chaofan Tao , Zhihong Zhu , Xin Wang , Siqi Luo , Jing Xiong , Longyue Wang , Mi Zhang

KV cache compression is critical for efficient long-context LLM inference. Approaches that reduce the per-pair footprint -- quantization and low-rank decomposition -- are orthogonal to those that reduce the sequence length of the cache.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Bo Jiang , Sian Jin

Modern large language models (LLMs) drive interactive AI systems but are bottlenecked by the memory-heavy growth of key-value (KV) caches, which limits real-time throughput under concurrent loads. Existing KV-cache compression methods rely…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-07 Joseph Kampeas , Emir Haleva

Memory consumption of the Key-Value (KV) cache represents a major bottleneck for efficient large language model inference. While attention-score-based KV cache pruning shows promise, it faces critical practical limitations: attention scores…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-02 Alessio Devoto , Maximilian Jeblick , Simon Jégou

The linear growth of key-value (KV) cache memory and quadratic computational in attention mechanisms complexity pose significant bottlenecks for large language models (LLMs) in long-context processing. While existing KV cache optimization…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Xin Liu , Xudong Wang , Pei Liu , Guoming Tang

As the context length of current large language models (LLMs) rapidly increases, the memory demand for the Key-Value (KV) cache is becoming a bottleneck for LLM deployment and batch processing. Traditional KV cache compression methods…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Aomufei Yuan , Zhiming Wang , Ruijie Miao , Dayu Wang , Yuxuan Tian , Zihan Wang , Yebo Peng , Yuhan Wu , Bairen Yi , Xin Liu , Tong Yang

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have already achieved remarkable results on long-text tasks, but the limited GPU memory (VRAM) resources struggle to accommodate the linearly growing demand for key-value (KV) cache as the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Shibo Jie , Yehui Tang , Kai Han , Zhi-Hong Deng , Jing Han

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to minimize the inference delay in semantic segmentation using split learning (SL), tailored to the needs of real-time computer vision (CV) applications for resource-constrained devices. Semantic…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-20 Nikos G. Evgenidis , Nikos A. Mitsiou , Sotiris A. Tegos , Panagiotis D. Diamantoulakis , George K. Karagiannidis