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Outlier detection (OD) has a vast literature as it finds numerous real-world applications. Being an unsupervised task, model selection is a key bottleneck for OD without label supervision. Despite a long list of available OD algorithms with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Yuchen Shen , Haomin Wen , Leman Akoglu

Tabular foundation models, specifically Prior-Data Fitted Networks (PFNs), have revolutionized outlier detection (OD) by enabling unsupervised zero-shot adaptation to new datasets without training. However, despite their predictive power,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Simon Klüttermann , Tim Katzke , Phuong Huong Nguyen , Emmanuel Müller

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection is crucial when deploying machine learning models in open-world applications. The core challenge in OOD detection is mitigating the model's overconfidence on OOD data. While recent methods using auxiliary…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Jiankang Chen , Ling Deng , Zhiyong Gan , Wei-Shi Zheng , Ruixuan Wang

Given an unsupervised outlier detection (OD) task on a new dataset, how can we automatically select a good outlier detection method and its hyperparameter(s) (collectively called a model)? Thus far, model selection for OD has been a "black…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-18 Yue Zhao , Ryan A. Rossi , Leman Akoglu

Outlier detection (OD) is a key machine learning (ML) task for identifying abnormal objects from general samples with numerous high-stake applications including fraud detection and intrusion detection. Due to the lack of ground truth…

Outlier detection (OD) aims to identify abnormal instances, known as outliers or anomalies, by learning typical patterns of normal data, or inliers. Performing OD under an unsupervised regime-without any information about anomalous…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-01-21 Minseo Kang , Seunghwan Park , Dongha Kim

A serious problem in image classification is that a trained model might perform well for input data that originates from the same distribution as the data available for model training, but performs much worse for out-of-distribution (OOD)…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-12-07 Rajat Koner , Poulami Sinhamahapatra , Karsten Roscher , Stephan Günnemann , Volker Tresp

As vision-language models like CLIP are widely applied to zero-shot tasks and gain remarkable performance on in-distribution (ID) data, detecting and rejecting out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs in the zero-shot setting have become crucial…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Choubo Ding , Guansong Pang

Outlier detection (OD), distinguishing inliers and outliers in completely unlabeled datasets, plays a vital role in science and engineering. Although there have been many insightful OD methods, most of them require troublesome…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Dazhi Fu , Jicong Fan

Addressing the Out-of-Distribution (OoD) segmentation task is a prerequisite for perception systems operating in an open-world environment. Large foundational models are frequently used in downstream tasks, however, their potential for OoD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-11 Nazir Nayal , Youssef Shoeb , Fatma Güney

Unsupervised Outlier Detection (UOD) is a critical task in data mining and machine learning, aiming to identify instances that significantly deviate from the majority. Without any label, deep UOD methods struggle with the misalignment…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Yuang Zhang , Liping Wang , Yihong Huang , Yuanxing Zheng , Fan Zhang , Xuemin Lin

The unsupervised outlier detection (UOD) problem refers to a task to identify inliers given training data which contain outliers as well as inliers, without any labeled information about inliers and outliers. It has been widely recognized…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-07-17 Dongha Kim , Jaesung Hwang , Jongjin Lee , Kunwoong Kim , Yongdai Kim

One of the early weaknesses identified in deep neural networks trained for image classification tasks was their inability to provide low confidence predictions on out-of-distribution (OOD) data that was significantly different from the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Evelyn Mannix , Howard Bondell

Near out-of-distribution detection (OOD) is a major challenge for deep neural networks. We demonstrate that large-scale pre-trained transformers can significantly improve the state-of-the-art (SOTA) on a range of near OOD tasks across…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-30 Stanislav Fort , Jie Ren , Balaji Lakshminarayanan

Outlier detection (OD) finds many applications with a rich literature of numerous techniques. Deep neural network based OD (DOD) has seen a recent surge of attention thanks to the many advances in deep learning. In this paper, we consider a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-27 Xueying Ding , Yue Zhao , Leman Akoglu

In recent years, there have been significant improvements in various forms of image outlier detection. However, outlier detection performance under adversarial settings lags far behind that in standard settings. This is due to the lack of…

Outlier detection is one of the most important processes taken to create good, reliable data in machine learning. The most methods of outlier detection leverage an auxiliary reconstruction task by assuming that outliers are more difficult…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-11-23 Ning Huyan , Dou Quan , Xiangrong Zhang , Xuefeng Liang , Jocelyn Chanussot , Licheng Jiao

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for the reliable deployment of machine learning models in real-world scenarios, enabling the identification of unknown samples or objects. A prominent approach to enhance OOD detection…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-08-05 Heng Gao , Jun Li

Pre-trained vision foundation models have transformed many computer vision tasks. Despite their strong ability to learn discriminative and generalizable features crucial for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, their impact on this task…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Shizhen Zhao , Jiahui Liu , Xin Wen , Haoru Tan , Xiaojuan Qi

Using unlabeled data to regularize the machine learning models has demonstrated promise for improving safety and reliability in detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data. Harnessing the power of unlabeled in-the-wild data is non-trivial due…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-07 Xuefeng Du , Zhen Fang , Ilias Diakonikolas , Yixuan Li
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