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Large language models (LLMs) can perform complex reasoning in few- and zero-shot settings by generating intermediate chain of thought (CoT) reasoning steps. Further, each reasoning step can rely on external tools to support computation…

Tool use has turned large language models (LLMs) into powerful agents that can perform complex multi-step tasks by dynamically utilising external software components. However, these tools must be implemented in advance by human developers,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Georg Wölflein , Dyke Ferber , Daniel Truhn , Ognjen Arandjelović , Jakob Nikolas Kather

Large Language Model agents face fundamental challenges in adapting to novel tasks due to limitations in tool availability and experience reuse. Existing approaches either rely on predefined tools with limited coverage or build tools from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Jiarun Liu , Shiyue Xu , Yang Li , Shangkun Liu , Yongli Yu , Peng Cao

Tool learning is increasingly important for large language models (LLMs) to effectively coordinate and utilize a diverse set of tools in order to solve complex real-world tasks. By selecting and integrating appropriate tools, LLMs extend…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Zheng Fang , Wolfgang Mayer , Zeyu Zhang , Jian Wang , Hong-Yu Zhang , Wanli Li , Zaiwen Feng

Repurposing large vision-language models (LVLMs) as computer use agents (CUAs) has led to substantial breakthroughs, primarily driven by human-labeled data. However, these models often struggle with novel and specialized software,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-13 Zeyi Sun , Ziyu Liu , Yuhang Zang , Yuhang Cao , Xiaoyi Dong , Tong Wu , Dahua Lin , Jiaqi Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in orchestrating tools for reasoning tasks. However, existing methods rely on a step-wise paradigm that lacks a global perspective, which causes error accumulation over…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Tairan Huang , Siyu Shang , Qiang Chen , Xiu Su , Yi Chen

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit limited ability to understand table structures and to apply precise numerical reasoning, which is crucial for tasks such as table question answering (TQA) and table-based fact verification (TFV).…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 Xinyuan Lu , Liangming Pan , Yubo Ma , Preslav Nakov , Min-Yen Kan

TAMER has proven to be a powerful interactive reinforcement learning method for allowing ordinary people to teach and personalize autonomous agents' behavior by providing evaluative feedback. However, a TAMER agent planning with UCT---a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2019-04-19 Guangliang Li , Randy Gomez , Keisuke Nakamura , Jinying Lin , Qilei Zhang , Bo He

Multi-agent strategies have emerged as a promising approach to enhance the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by assigning specialized roles in the problem-solving process. Concurrently, Tree of Thoughts (ToT) methods have…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-11-06 Fatemeh Haji , Mazal Bethany , Maryam Tabar , Jason Chiang , Anthony Rios , Peyman Najafirad

Large Language Models (LLMs) often produce answers with a single chain-of-thought, which restricts their ability to explore reasoning paths or self-correct flawed outputs in complex tasks. In this paper, we introduce MALT (Multi-Agent LLM…

Current Large Language Model (LLM) agents show strong performance in tool use, but lack the crucial capability to systematically learn from their own experiences. While existing frameworks mainly focus on mitigating external knowledge gaps,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Rong Wu , Xiaoman Wang , Jianbiao Mei , Pinlong Cai , Daocheng Fu , Cheng Yang , Licheng Wen , Xuemeng Yang , Yufan Shen , Yuxin Wang , Botian Shi

Web agents promise to automate complex browser tasks, but current methods remain brittle -- relying on step-by-step UI interactions and heavy LLM reasoning that break under dynamic layouts and long horizons. Humans, by contrast, exploit…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Viraj Prabhu , Yutong Dai , Matthew Fernandez , Jing Gu , Krithika Ramakrishnan , Yanqi Luo , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong , Junnan Li , Zeyuan Chen , Ran Xu

LLM-based autonomous agents perform well on general reasoning tasks but still struggle to reliably use task structure, key constraints, and prior experience in complex real-world settings. We propose a case-based learning framework that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Zhenyu Ma , Yuyang Song , Chunyi Yang , Jingyi Zhu , Letian Yang , Xukai Jiang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to the development of intelligent LLM-based agents capable of interacting with graphical user interfaces (GUIs). These agents demonstrate strong reasoning and adaptability,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Wenjia Jiang , Yangyang Zhuang , Chenxi Song , Xu Yang , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Chi Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced artificial intelligence by enabling human-like text generation and natural language understanding. However, their reliance on static training data limits their ability to respond to dynamic,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Aditi Singh , Abul Ehtesham , Saket Kumar , Tala Talaei Khoei , Athanasios V. Vasilakos

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit in-context learning abilities which enable the same model to perform several tasks without any task-specific training. In contrast, traditional adaptation approaches, such as fine-tuning, modify the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-14 Kush Bhatia , Avanika Narayan , Christopher De Sa , Christopher Ré

Existing approaches to mathematical reasoning with large language models (LLMs) rely on Chain-of-Thought (CoT) for generalizability or Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) for precise computation. While efforts have been made to combine these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Xin Xu , Yan Xu , Tianhao Chen , Yuchen Yan , Chengwu Liu , Zaoyu Chen , Yufei Wang , Yichun Yin , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Qun Liu , Lu Yin

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) show promise in tasks like visual question answering (VQA) but still face challenges in multimodal reasoning. Recent works adapt agentic frameworks or chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning to improve…

Large language models (LLMs) have dramatically enhanced the field of language intelligence, as demonstrably evidenced by their formidable empirical performance across a spectrum of complex reasoning tasks. Additionally, theoretical proofs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-21 Zhuosheng Zhang , Yao Yao , Aston Zhang , Xiangru Tang , Xinbei Ma , Zhiwei He , Yiming Wang , Mark Gerstein , Rui Wang , Gongshen Liu , Hai Zhao

LLMs are increasingly deployed as agents, systems capable of planning, reasoning, and dynamically calling external tools. However, in visual reasoning, prior approaches largely remain limited by predefined workflows and static toolsets. In…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-28 Shitian Zhao , Haoquan Zhang , Shaoheng Lin , Ming Li , Qilong Wu , Kaipeng Zhang , Chen Wei