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In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have witnessed remarkable advancements, with the test-time scaling law consistently enhancing the reasoning capabilities. Through systematic evaluation and exploration of a diverse spectrum of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Chenyang Shao , Sijian Ren , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

Pre-training a large transformer model on a massive amount of unlabeled data and fine-tuning it on labeled datasets for diverse downstream tasks has proven to be a successful strategy, for a variety of vision and natural language processing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-06-12 Seanie Lee , Minki Kang , Juho Lee , Sung Ju Hwang , Kenji Kawaguchi

There is increasing interest in distilling task-specific knowledge from large language models (LLM) to smaller student models. Nonetheless, LLM distillation presents a dual challenge: 1) there is a high cost associated with querying the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Yuhang Zhou , Wei Ai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have displayed remarkable performances across various complex tasks by leveraging Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting. Recently, studies have proposed a Knowledge Distillation (KD) approach, reasoning distillation,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Hojae Lee , Junho Kim , SangKeun Lee

We introduce a novel approach to large language model (LLM) distillation by formulating it as a constrained reinforcement learning problem. While recent work has begun exploring the integration of task-specific rewards into distillation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Matthieu Zimmer , Xiaotong Ji , Tu Nguyen , Haitham Bou Ammar

Large Language Models (LLMs) can transfer their reasoning skills to smaller models by teaching them to generate the intermediate reasoning process required to solve multistep reasoning tasks. While LLMs can accurately solve reasoning tasks…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-25 Shivam Adarsh , Kumar Shridhar , Caglar Gulcehre , Nicholas Monath , Mrinmaya Sachan

Can post-trained large language models (LLMs) further improve themselves using only unlabeled prompts, without external teachers or feedback from tools? We study this setting starting only from unlabeled seed questions with no ground-truth…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Tony Lee , Percy Liang

Distilling large language models (LLMs) typically involves transferring the teacher model's responses through supervised fine-tuning (SFT). However, this approach neglects the potential to distill both data (output content) and reward…

Large language models (LLMs) are systematically overconfident: they routinely express high certainty on questions they often answer incorrectly. Existing calibration methods either require labeled validation data, degrade under distribution…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Mohamed Rissal Hedna , Jan Strich , Martin Semmann , Chris Biemann

We tackle the challenging issue of aggressive fine-tuning encountered during the process of transfer learning of pre-trained language models (PLMs) with limited labeled downstream data. This problem primarily results in a decline in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-13 Ibtihel Amara , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in recent natural language processing (NLP) tasks, their deployment poses substantial challenges due to high computational and memory demands in real-world…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-27 Chenglin Li , Qianglong Chen , Liangyue Li , Caiyu Wang , Yicheng Li , Zulong Chen , Yin Zhang

Iterative self-improvement fine-tunes an autoregressive large language model (LLM) on reward-verified outputs generated by the LLM itself. In contrast to the empirical success of self-improvement, the theoretical foundation of this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Chenruo Liu , Yijun Dong , Yiqiu Shen , Qi Lei

The alignments of reasoning abilities between smaller and larger Language Models are largely conducted via Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) using demonstrations generated from robust Large Language Models (LLMs). Although these approaches…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Leonardo Ranaldi , Andrè Freitas

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in customer support is constrained by hallucination (generating false information) and the high cost of proprietary models. To address these challenges, we propose a retrieval-augmented…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Ashley Lewis , Michael White , Jing Liu , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Kieran Parsons , Ye Wang

This work addresses the challenge of democratizing advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) by compressing their mathematical reasoning capabilities into sub-billion parameter Small Language Models (SLMs) without compromising performance. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-02 Xunyu Zhu , Jian Li , Yong Liu , Can Ma , Weiping Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a groundbreaking technology with their unparalleled text generation capabilities across various applications. Nevertheless, concerns persist regarding the accuracy and appropriateness of their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-15 Jie Huang , Xinyun Chen , Swaroop Mishra , Huaixiu Steven Zheng , Adams Wei Yu , Xinying Song , Denny Zhou

Training diffusion models on limited datasets poses challenges in terms of limited generation capacity and expressiveness, leading to unsatisfactory results in various downstream tasks utilizing pretrained diffusion models, such as domain…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-11-03 Jiwan Hur , Jaehyun Choi , Gyojin Han , Dong-Jae Lee , Junmo Kim

We propose a new finetuning method to provide pre-trained large language models (LMs) the ability to scale test-time compute through the diffusion framework. By increasing the number of diffusion steps, we show our finetuned models achieve…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Edoardo Cetin , Tianyu Zhao , Yujin Tang

Over the past year, the emergence of transfer learning with large-scale language models (LM) has led to dramatic performance improvements across a broad range of natural language understanding tasks. However, the size and memory footprint…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-02-04 Luke Melas-Kyriazi , George Han , Celine Liang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) scale up and gain powerful Chain-of-Thoughts (CoTs) reasoning abilities, practical resource constraints drive efforts to distill these capabilities into more compact Smaller Language Models (SLMs). We find…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Chengwei Dai , Kun Li , Wei Zhou , Songlin Hu