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Improving the alignment of language models with human preferences remains an active research challenge. Previous approaches have primarily utilized Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) via online RL methods such as Proximal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-25 Tianqi Liu , Yao Zhao , Rishabh Joshi , Misha Khalman , Mohammad Saleh , Peter J. Liu , Jialu Liu

In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) has gained increasing attention in control engineering. Especially, policy gradient methods are widely used. In this work, we improve the tracking performance of proximal policy optimization…

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) refers to the problem of learning policies entirely from a large batch of previously collected data. This problem setting offers the promise of utilizing such datasets to acquire policies without any…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-24 Tianhe Yu , Garrett Thomas , Lantao Yu , Stefano Ermon , James Zou , Sergey Levine , Chelsea Finn , Tengyu Ma

We introduce ConfPO, a method for preference learning in Large Language Models (LLMs) that identifies and optimizes preference-critical tokens based solely on the training policy's confidence, without requiring any auxiliary models or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Hee Suk Yoon , Eunseop Yoon , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Sungwoong Kim , Chang D. Yoo

This paper prescribes a suite of techniques for off-policy Reinforcement Learning (RL) that simplify the training process and reduce the sample complexity. First, we show that simple Deterministic Policy Gradient works remarkably well as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-30 Rasool Fakoor , Pratik Chaudhari , Alexander J. Smola

This paper investigates a hybrid learning framework for reinforcement learning (RL) in which the agent can leverage both an offline dataset and online interactions to learn the optimal policy. We present a unified algorithm and analysis and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Ruiquan Huang , Donghao Li , Chengshuai Shi , Cong Shen , Jing Yang

While Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) enhances complex reasoning in LLMs, current methods struggle to balance exploration and exploitation. This leads to critical issues like inaccurate credit assignment for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Junxi Yin , Haisen Luo , Zhenyu Li , Yihua Liu , Dan Liu , Zequn Li , Xiaohang Xu

Parallel test-time scaling typically trains separate generation and verification models, incurring high training and inference costs. We propose Advantage Decoupled Preference Optimization (ADPO), a unified reinforcement learning framework…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Xinyu Qiu , Heng Jia , Zhengwen Zeng , Shuheng Shen , Changhua Meng , Yi Yang , Linchao Zhu

Capturing latent variations ("contexts") is key to deploying reinforcement-learning (RL) agents beyond their training regime. We recast context-based RL as a dual inference-control problem and formally characterize two properties and their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Yuliang Gu , Hongpeng Cao , Marco Caccamo , Naira Hovakimyan

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants have become standard for aligning Large Language Models due to their simplicity and offline stability. However, we identify two fundamental limitations. First, the optimal policy depends…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Yu Li , Tian Lan , Zhengling Qi

This paper introduces two novel modifications to the Dynamic sAmpling Policy Optimization (DAPO) algorithm [1], approached from a mixed-policy perspective. Standard policy gradient methods can suffer from instability and sample…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-20 Hongze Tan , Yuchen Li

Trust Region Policy Optimization (TRPO) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), as the widely employed policy based reinforcement learning (RL) methods, are prone to converge to a sub-optimal solution as they limit the policy representation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-16 Jun Song , Chaoyue Zhao

Among on-policy reinforcement learning algorithms, Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) demonstrates is widely favored for its simplicity, numerical stability, and strong empirical performance. Standard PPO relies on surrogate objectives…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Shunpeng Yang , Ben Liu , Hua Chen

Policy-based Reinforcement Learning (RL) has established itself as the dominant paradigm in generative recommendation for optimizing sequential user interactions. However, when applied to offline historical logs, these methods suffer a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Jie Jiang , Yusen Huo , Xiangxin Zhan , Changping Wang , Jun Zhang

Multi-turn GUI agents enable complex task completion through sequential decision-making, but suffer from severe context inflation as interaction history accumulates. Existing strategies either sacrifice long-term context via truncation or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Yurun Song , Jiong Yin , Rongjunchen Zhang , Ian G. Harris

Tables contain rich structured information, yet when stored as images their contents remain "locked" within pixels. Converting table images into LaTeX code enables faithful digitization and reuse, but current multimodal large language…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Yunfan Yang , Cuiling Lan , Jitao Sang , Yan Lu

Trajectory Optimization (TO) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) offer complementary strengths for solving optimal control problems. TO efficiently computes locally optimal solutions but can struggle with non-convexity, while RL is more robust…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Elisa Alboni , Pietro Noah Crestaz , Elias Fontanari , Andrea Del Prete

One of the fundamental challenges for offline reinforcement learning (RL) is ensuring robustness to data distribution. Whether the data originates from a near-optimal policy or not, we anticipate that an algorithm should demonstrate its…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-18 Xiaohan Hu , Yi Ma , Chenjun Xiao , Yan Zheng , Jianye Hao

Action-constrained reinforcement learning (ACRL) is a generic framework for learning control policies with zero action constraint violation, which is required by various safety-critical and resource-constrained applications. The existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Wei Hung , Shao-Hua Sun , Ping-Chun Hsieh

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) has increasingly become the focus of the artificial intelligent research due to its wide real-world applications where the collection of data may be difficult, time-consuming, or costly. In this paper, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-13 Chenyang Xi , Bo Tang , Jiajun Shen , Xinfu Liu , Feiyu Xiong , Xueying Li