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Large language models (LLMs) deliver superior performance but require substantial computational resources and operate with relatively low efficiency, while smaller models can efficiently handle simpler tasks with fewer resources. LLM…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Kai Mei , Wujiang Xu , Minghao Guo , Shuhang Lin , Yongfeng Zhang

LLMs have demonstrated great capabilities in various NLP tasks. Different entities can further improve the performance of those LLMs on their specific downstream tasks by fine-tuning LLMs. When several entities have similar interested…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-04 Weirui Kuang , Bingchen Qian , Zitao Li , Daoyuan Chen , Dawei Gao , Xuchen Pan , Yuexiang Xie , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Jingren Zhou

Efficiently routing queries to the optimal large language model (LLM) is crucial for optimizing the cost-performance trade-off in multi-model systems. However, most existing routers rely on single-model selection, making them susceptible to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Sai Hao , Hao Zeng , Hongxin Wei , Bingyi Jing

Federated learning (FL) offers privacy-preserving decentralized machine learning, optimizing models at edge clients without sharing private data. Simultaneously, foundation models (FMs) have gained traction in the artificial intelligence…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-06 Sixing Yu , J. Pablo Muñoz , Ali Jannesari

Previous studies on federated learning (FL) often encounter performance degradation due to data heterogeneity among different clients. In light of the recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs), such as GPT-4v and LLaVA,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Jianyi Zhang , Hao Frank Yang , Ang Li , Xin Guo , Pu Wang , Haiming Wang , Yiran Chen , Hai Li

Federated learning (FL) enables distributed learning across edge devices while protecting data privacy. However, the learning accuracy decreases due to the heterogeneity of devices' data, and the computation and communication latency…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Xiaonan Liu , Tharmalingam Ratnarajah , Mathini Sellathurai , Yonina C. Eldar

Federated learning (FL) ameliorates privacy concerns in settings where a central server coordinates learning from data distributed across many clients. The clients train locally and communicate the models they learn to the server;…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-16 Monica Ribero , Haris Vikalo

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across organizations without sharing raw data, addressing crucial privacy concerns in healthcare natural language processing (NLP). However, training large language models (LLMs)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Lihong Zhang , Yue Li

Inspired by the power of large language models (LLMs), our research adapts them to quantum federated learning (QFL) to boost efficiency and performance. We propose a federated fine-tuning method that distills an LLM within QFL, allowing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Dev Gurung , Shiva Raj Pokhrel

Large language model (LLM) routers improve the efficiency of multi-model systems by directing each query to the most appropriate model while leveraging the diverse strengths of heterogeneous LLMs. Most existing approaches frame routing as a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Canbin Huang , Tianyuan Shi , Yuhua Zhu , Ruijun Chen , Xiaojun Quan

Decentralized federated learning (DFL) based on low-rank adaptation (LoRA) enables mobile devices with multi-task datasets to collaboratively fine-tune a large language model (LLM) by exchanging locally updated parameters with a subset of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Nuocheng Yang , Sihua Wang , Ouwen Huan , Mingzhe Chen , Tony Q. S. Quek , Changchuan Yin

Given the limited performance and efficiency of on-device Large Language Models (LLMs), the collaborations between multiple LLMs enable desirable performance enhancements, in which data, tokens, and model weights could be shared across…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Zihan Chen , Zeshen Li , Howard H. Yang , Tony Q. S. Quek , Jihong Park

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly powering web-based applications, whose effectiveness relies on fine-tuning with large-scale instruction data. However, such data often contains valuable or sensitive information that limits its…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Yicheng Zhang , Zhen Qin , Zhaomin Wu , Jian Hou , Shuiguang Deng

The current paradigm of training large language models (LLMs) on public available Web data is becoming unsustainable as high-quality data sources in specialized domains near exhaustion. Federated Learning (FL) emerges as a practical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Guochen Yan , Luyuan Xie , Qingni Shen , Yuejian Fang , Zhonghai Wu

Federated fine-tuning of large language models is commonly formulated as a parameter aggregation problem. However, even parameter-efficient methods require transmitting large collections of trainable weights, assume aligned architectures,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Amr Abourayya , Jens Kleesiek , Michael Kamp

Modern mobile devices have access to a wealth of data suitable for learning models, which in turn can greatly improve the user experience on the device. For example, language models can improve speech recognition and text entry, and image…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-30 H. Brendan McMahan , Eider Moore , Daniel Ramage , Seth Hampson , Blaise Agüera y Arcas

Large language model (LLM) query routers are critical to modern AI platforms as they seek to improve efficiency by assigning inference queries to accurate, yet low-cost models. Parametric routers typically use trained neural networks for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Shivam Patel , Neharika Jali , Ankur Mallick , Gauri Joshi

Learning from the collective knowledge of data dispersed across private sources can provide neural networks with enhanced generalization capabilities. Federated learning, a method for collaboratively training a machine learning model across…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-20 Matt Gorbett , Hossein Shirazi , Indrakshi Ray

By adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to domain-specific tasks or enriching them with domain-specific knowledge, we can fully harness the capabilities of LLMs. Nonetheless, a gap persists in achieving simultaneous mutual enhancement…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Tao Fan , Yan Kang , Guoqiang Ma , Lixin Fan , Shuoling Liu , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) process every token through all layers of a transformer stack, causing wasted computation on simple queries and insufficient flexibility for harder ones that need deeper reasoning. Adaptive-depth methods can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Ahmed Heakl , Martin Gubri , Salman Khan , Sangdoo Yun , Seong Joon Oh