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Training-free guidance enables controlled generation in diffusion and flow models, but most methods rely on gradients and assume differentiable objectives. This work focuses on training-free guidance addressing challenges from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Yingqing Guo , Yukang Yang , Hui Yuan , Mengdi Wang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled deep research systems that synthesize comprehensive, report-style answers to open-ended queries by combining retrieval, reasoning, and generation. Yet most frameworks rely on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Lin Ai , Victor S. Bursztyn , Xiang Chen , Julia Hirschberg , Saayan Mitra

Reinforcement learning has empowered large language models to act as intelligent agents, yet training them for long-horizon tasks remains challenging due to the scarcity of high-quality trajectories, especially under limited resources.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Jinyang Wu , Shuo Yang , Changpeng Yang , Yuhao Shen , Shuai Zhang , Zhengqi Wen , Jianhua Tao

Masked Diffusion Models (MDMs) have emerged as a promising non-autoregressive paradigm for generative tasks, offering parallel decoding and bidirectional context utilization. However, current sampling methods rely on simple confidence-based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Shreshth Saini , Avinab Saha , Balu Adsumilli , Neil Birkbeck , Yilin Wang , Alan C. Bovik

Directional data emerges in a wide array of applications, ranging from atmospheric sciences to medical imaging. Modeling such data, however, poses unique challenges by virtue of their being constrained to non-Euclidean spaces like…

统计理论 · 数学 2019-07-10 Subhadip Pal , Subhajit Sengupta , Riten Mitra , Arunava Banerjee

Real-world ecommerce recommender systems must deliver relevant items under strict tens-of-milliseconds latency constraints despite challenges such as cold-start products, rapidly shifting user intent, and dynamic context including…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Han Chen , Steven Zhu , Yingrui Li

Looped Language Models (LoopLMs) enable efficient latent reasoning through depth recurrence, yet exhibit unreliable test-time scaling behavior: performance often peaks at a certain iteration depth and then collapses with further recurrence.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Xiao-Wen Yang , Ziyu Han , Xi-Hua Zhang , Wen-Da Wei , Jie-Jing Shao , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

Repeated Sampling (RS) is a simple inference-time algorithm that has been shown to improve model performance on complex tasks. Although it is an effective way of scaling inference time, it often struggles to generate diverse solution…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Divij Handa , Mihir Parmar , Aswin RRV , Md Nayem Uddin , Hamid Palangi , Chitta Baral

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative tools, rivaling GANs in sample quality and mirroring the likelihood scores of autoregressive models. A subset of these models, exemplified by DDIMs, exhibit an inherent asymmetry: they…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-01-24 Yixuan Wang , Shuangyin Li

In this work, we propose a method for efficient resource utilization of simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) elements to ensure fair and high data rates. We introduce a subsurface…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Ashok S. Kumar , Nancy Nayak , Sheetal Kalyani , Himal A. Suraweera

The Stop-Think-AutoRegress Language Diffusion Model (STAR-LDM) integrates latent diffusion planning with autoregressive generation. Unlike conventional autoregressive language models limited to token-by-token decisions, STAR-LDM…

The integration of large language models (LLMs) with external tools has significantly expanded the capabilities of AI agents. However, as the diversity of both LLMs and tools increases, selecting the optimal model-tool combination becomes a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Jinyang Wu , Guocheng Zhai , Ruihan Jin , Jiahao Yuan , Yuhao Shen , Shuai Zhang , Zhengqi Wen , Jianhua Tao

Activation steering, or representation engineering, offers a lightweight approach to align large language models (LLMs) by manipulating their internal activations at inference time. However, current methods suffer from two key limitations:…

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) promise low-power event-driven computation for temporally rich tasks, but commonly used neuron models often trade off gradient-based trainability, dynamical richness, and high activity sparsity. These…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Alex Fulleda-Garcia , Saray Soldado-Magraner , Josep Maria Margarit-Taulé

Flow Matching has limited ability in achieving one-step generation due to its reliance on learned curved trajectories. Previous studies have attempted to address this limitation by either modifying the coupling distribution to prevent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Chenrui Ma , Xi Xiao , Tianyang Wang , Xiao Wang , Yanning Shen

The problem of optimization on Stiefel manifold, i.e., minimizing functions of (not necessarily square) matrices that satisfy orthogonality constraints, has been extensively studied. Yet, a new approach is proposed based on, for the first…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-06 Lingkai Kong , Yuqing Wang , Molei Tao

Training robots in simulation requires diverse 3D scenes that reflect the specific challenges of downstream tasks. However, scenes that satisfy strict task requirements, such as high-clutter environments with plausible spatial arrangement,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-08-27 Nicholas Pfaff , Hongkai Dai , Sergey Zakharov , Shun Iwase , Russ Tedrake

Distribution Matching Distillation (DMD) distills score-based generative models into efficient one-step generators, without requiring a one-to-one correspondence with the sampling trajectories of their teachers. Yet, the limited capacity of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Xiangyu Fan , Zesong Qiu , Zhuguanyu Wu , Fanzhou Wang , Zhiqian Lin , Tianxiang Ren , Dahua Lin , Ruihao Gong , Lei Yang

Optimization problems on the Stiefel manifold, ranging from principal component analysis to enhancing neural network robustness, are ubiquitous in machine learning. The Landing algorithm avoids computationally expensive retraction…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-08-12 Yilong Song , Peijin Li , Bin Gao , Kun Yuan

While Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) have demonstrated remarkable success in Multivariate Time Series Anomaly Detection (MTSAD), however, in real-world industrial scenarios, many time series comprise not only numerical variables such…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Hanyin Cheng , Ruitong Zhang , Yuning Lu , Peng Chen , Meng Wang , Yang Shu , Bin Yang , Chenjuan Guo