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This study investigates the existence of positional biases in Transformer-based models for text representation learning, particularly in the context of web document retrieval. We build on previous research that demonstrated loss of…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-10-29 João Coelho , Bruno Martins , João Magalhães , Jamie Callan , Chenyan Xiong

Embedding models are crucial for tasks in Information Retrieval (IR) and semantic similarity measurement, yet their handling of longer texts and associated positional biases remains underexplored. In this study, we investigate the impact of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Reagan J. Lee , Samarth Goel , Kannan Ramchandran

The rapid developments of various machine learning models and their deployments in several applications has led to discussions around the importance of looking beyond the accuracies of these models. Fairness of such models is one such…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Biswajit Rout , Ananya B. Sai , Arun Rajkumar

The rapid advancement of Language Model technologies has opened new opportunities, but also introduced new challenges related to bias and fairness. This paper explores the uncharted territory of potential biases in state-of-the-art…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-12-13 Hongliu Cao

This study investigates the position bias in information retrieval, where models tend to overemphasize content at the beginning of passages while neglecting semantically relevant information that appears later. To analyze the extent and…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Ziyang Zeng , Dun Zhang , Jiacheng Li , Panxiang Zou , Yudong Zhou , Yuqing Yang

With the growing adoption of Text-to-Image (TTI) systems, the social biases of these models have come under increased scrutiny. Herein we conduct a systematic investigation of one such source of bias for diffusion models: embedding spaces.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-17 Sahil Kuchlous , Marvin Li , Jeffrey G. Wang

Word embeddings are effective intermediate representations for capturing semantic regularities between words, when learning the representations of text sequences. We propose to view text classification as a label-word joint embedding…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-05-14 Guoyin Wang , Chunyuan Li , Wenlin Wang , Yizhe Zhang , Dinghan Shen , Xinyuan Zhang , Ricardo Henao , Lawrence Carin

Word embeddings are a fixed, distributional representation of the context of words in a corpus learned from word co-occurrences. Despite their proven utility in machine learning tasks, word embedding models may capture uneven semantic and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-10-07 James Powell , Kari Sentz , Martin Klein

Positional bias in large language models (LLMs) hinders their ability to effectively process long inputs. A prominent example is the "lost in the middle" phenomenon, where LLMs struggle to utilize relevant information situated in the middle…

Following the recent success of word embeddings, it has been argued that there is no such thing as an ideal representation for words, as different models tend to capture divergent and often mutually incompatible aspects like…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-12-28 Mikel Artetxe , Gorka Labaka , Iñigo Lopez-Gazpio , Eneko Agirre

Distributed language representation has become the most widely used technique for language representation in various natural language processing tasks. Most of the natural language processing models that are based on deep learning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-05-11 Martina Toshevska , Frosina Stojanovska , Jovan Kalajdjieski

The growing deployment of large language models (LLMs) has amplified concerns regarding their inherent biases, raising critical questions about their fairness, safety, and societal impact. However, quantifying LLM bias remains a fundamental…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Alireza Arbabi , Florian Kerschbaum

Positional bias - where models overemphasize certain positions regardless of content - has been shown to negatively impact model performance across various tasks. While recent research has extensively examined positional bias in text…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-17 Kebin Wu , Fatima Albreiki

Large language models (LLMs), even when specifically trained to process long input contexts, struggle to capture relevant information located in the middle of their input. This phenomenon has been known as the lost-in-the-middle problem. In…

Good quality explanations strengthen the understanding of language models and data. Feature attribution methods, such as Integrated Gradient, are a type of post-hoc explainer that can provide token-level insights. However, explanations on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Jonathan Kamp , Roos Bakker , Dominique Blok

Text embeddings are numerical representations of text data, where words, phrases, or entire documents are converted into vectors of real numbers. These embeddings capture semantic meanings and relationships between text elements in a…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-01-20 Fusheng Wei , Robert Neary , Han Qin , Qiang Mao , Jianping Zhang

Word embeddings are a fixed, distributional representation of the context of words in a corpus learned from word co-occurrences. While word embeddings have proven to have many practical uses in natural language processing tasks, they…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-02 James Powell , Kari Sentz

A topic model is often formulated as a generative model that explains how each word of a document is generated given a set of topics and document-specific topic proportions. It is focused on capturing the word co-occurrences in a document…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-16 Dongsheng Wang , Dandan Guo , He Zhao , Huangjie Zheng , Korawat Tanwisuth , Bo Chen , Mingyuan Zhou

We present a new approach for detecting human-like social biases in word embeddings using representational similarity analysis. Specifically, we probe contextualized and non-contextualized embeddings for evidence of intersectional biases…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-11-25 Michael A. Lepori

Slanted news coverage, also called media bias, can heavily influence how news consumers interpret and react to the news. To automatically identify biased language, we present an exploratory approach that compares the context of related…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-12-15 Timo Spinde , Lada Rudnitckaia , Felix Hamborg , Bela Gipp
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