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Data movement is the dominating factor affecting performance and energy in modern computing systems. Consequently, many algorithms have been developed to minimize the number of I/O operations for common computing patterns. Matrix…

Recent advances in self-supervised learning and the Transformer architecture have significantly improved natural language processing (NLP), achieving remarkably low perplexity. However, the growing size of NLP models introduces a memory…

Weight-only quantization has been widely explored in large language models (LLMs) to reduce memory storage and data loading overhead. During deployment on single-instruction-multiple-threads (SIMT) architectures, weights are stored in…

Although prior art has demonstrated negligible accuracy drop in sub-byte quantization -- where weights and/or activations are represented by less than 8 bits -- popular SIMD instructions of CPUs do not natively support these datatypes.…

Matrix libraries often focus on achieving high performance for problems considered to be either "small" or "large", as these two scenarios tend to respond best to different optimization strategies. We propose a unified technique for…

The growth of machine learning (ML) workloads has underscored the importance of efficient memory hierarchies to address bandwidth, latency, and scalability challenges. HERMES focuses on optimizing memory subsystems for RISC-V architectures…

The recently proposed learned indexes have attracted much attention as they can adapt to the actual data and query distributions to attain better search efficiency. Based on this technique, several existing works build up indexes for…

Emerging multi-model workloads with heavy models like recent large language models significantly increased the compute and memory demands on hardware. To address such increasing demands, designing a scalable hardware architecture became a…

Developing kernels for Processing-In-Memory (PIM) platforms poses unique challenges in data management and parallel programming on limited processing units. Although software development kits (SDKs) for PIM, such as the UPMEM SDK, provide…

Generalized sparse matrix-matrix multiplication (or SpGEMM) is a key primitive for many high performance graph algorithms as well as for some linear solvers, such as algebraic multigrid. Here we show that SpGEMM also yields efficient…

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have emerged as one of the most successful machine learning technologies for image and video processing. The most computationally intensive parts of CNNs are the convolutional layers, which convolve…

Expectation maximisation (EM) is an unsupervised learning method for estimating the parameters of a finite mixture distribution. It works by introducing "hidden" or "latent" variables via Baum's auxiliary function $Q$ that allow the joint…

Immersive virtual reality (VR) applications impose stringent requirements on latency, energy efficiency, and computational resources, particularly in multi-user interactive scenarios. To address these challenges, we introduce the concept of…

Among ML operators today, GEneralMatrix Multiplication (GEMM)-based operators are known to be key operators that build the main backbone of ML models. As their computational overhead dominates the overall execution time (e.g., 42.8% - 96.6%…

A low-latency and energy-efficient tensor algebra accelerator design must optimize how data movement and operations are scheduled (i.e., mapped) in the accelerator architecture. A key mapping optimization is fusion, meaning holding data…

In-memory computing is an emerging computing paradigm that could enable deeplearning inference at significantly higher energy efficiency and reduced latency. The essential idea is to map the synaptic weights corresponding to each layer to…

General Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) is a ubiquitous compute kernel in deep learning (DL). To support energy-efficient edge-native processing, new GEMM hardware units have been proposed that operate on unary encoded bitstreams using much…

Sparse generalized matrix-matrix multiplication (SpGEMM) is a fundamental operation for real-world network analysis. With the increasing size of real-world networks, the single-machine-based SpGEMM approach cannot perform SpGEMM on…

Video analytics pipelines have steadily shifted to edge deployments to reduce bandwidth overheads and privacy violations, but in doing so, face an ever-growing resource tension. Most notably, edge-box GPUs lack the memory needed to…

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has become a popular way to adapt large pre-trained models to new tasks. Most PEFT methods update only a small subset of parameters while freezing the rest, avoiding redundant computation. As they…