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Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models achieve efficient scaling through sparse expert activation, but often suffer from suboptimal routing decisions due to distribution shifts in deployment. While existing test-time adaptation methods could…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Guinan Su , Yanwu Yang , Li Shen , Lu Yin , Shiwei Liu , Jonas Geiping

In the era of large language models, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a promising architecture for managing computational costs when scaling up model parameters. However, conventional MoE architectures like GShard, which activate the top-$K$ out…

Mixture of experts (MoE) architectures have become a cornerstone for scaling up and are a key component in most large language models such as GPT-OSS, DeepSeek-V3, Llama-4, and Gemini-2.5. However, systematic research on MoE remains…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Nam V. Nguyen , Thong T. Doan , Luong Tran , Van Nguyen , Quang Pham

Automated scoring of written constructed responses typically relies on separate models per task, straining computational resources, storage, and maintenance in real-world education settings. We propose UniMoE-Guided, a knowledge-distilled…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Luyang Fang , Tao Wang , Ping Ma , Xiaoming Zhai

Binarization, which converts weight parameters to binary values, has emerged as an effective strategy to reduce the size of large language models (LLMs). However, typical binarization techniques significantly diminish linguistic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Dongwon Jo , Taesu Kim , Yulhwa Kim , Jae-Joon Kim

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models achieve remarkable performance by sparsely activating specialized experts, yet their massive parameters in experts pose significant challenges for deployment. While low-rank quantization offers a promising…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Hongyaoxing Gu , Xinzhe Chen , Lijuan Hu , Fangfang Liu

Quantum machine learning (QML) has emerged as a promising direction in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, offering computational and memory advantages by harnessing superposition and entanglement. However, QML models often…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-07-08 Hoang-Quan Nguyen , Xuan-Bac Nguyen , Sankalp Pandey , Samee U. Khan , Ilya Safro , Khoa Luu

Mixture-of-Experts models, now popular for scaling capacity at fixed inference speed, switch experts at nearly every token. Once a model outgrows available GPU memory, this churn can render optimizations like offloading and pre-fetching…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Zeyu Shen , Peter Henderson

Scaling model parameters improves model quality at the price of high computation overhead. Sparsely activated models, usually in the form of Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture, have sub-linear scaling of computation cost with model size,…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-04-30 Jiamin Li , Yimin Jiang , Yibo Zhu , Cong Wang , Hong Xu

Sparse Mixture of Experts (SMoE) enables efficient training of large language models by routing input tokens to a select number of experts. However, training SMoE remains challenging due to the issue of representation collapse. Recent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Giang Do , Hung Le , Truyen Tran

An increasing number of LLMs employ Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures where the feed-forward layer is replaced by a pool of experts and each token only activates a small subset of them. During autoregressive generation, these models…

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) is gaining increasing attention due to its unique properties and remarkable performance, especially for language tasks. By sparsely activating a subset of parameters for each token, MoE architecture could increase…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Ka Man Lo , Zeyu Huang , Zihan Qiu , Zili Wang , Jie Fu

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) models enable scalable transformer architectures by activating only a subset of experts per token. Recent evidence suggests that performance improves with increasingly granular experts, i.e., many small experts…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Klaus-Rudolf Kladny , Maximilian Mordig , Bernhard Schölkopf , Michael Muehlebach

Sparse Mixture of Experts (MoE) models offer a scalable and efficient architecture for training large neural networks by activating only a subset of parameters ("experts") for each input. A learned router computes a distribution over these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Nabil Omi , Siddhartha Sen , Ali Farhadi

The sparsely activated mixture-of-experts (MoE) transformer has become a common architecture for large language models (LLMs) due to its sparsity, which requires fewer computational demands while easily scaling the model size. In MoE…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-08-14 Wenxiang Lin , Xinglin Pan , Lin Zhang , Shaohuai Shi , Xuan Wang , Xiaowen Chu

Extending large language models to low-resource languages is essential for global accessibility, but training separate models per language is prohibitively expensive. Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures address this by adding sparse…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Rongzhi Li , Hitomi Yanaka

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE), while offering significant advantages as a Large Language Model (LLM) architecture, faces substantial challenges when deployed on low-cost edge devices with tight memory constraints. Expert offloading mitigates…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-12-04 Liujianfu Wang , Yuyang Du , Yuchen Pan , Soung Chang Liew , Jiacheng Liu , Kexin Chen

Empirical scaling laws for language models have encouraged the development of ever-larger LLMs, despite their growing computational and memory costs. Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoEs) offer a promising alternative by activating only a subset…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Zeliang Zhang , Nikhil Ghosh , Jiani Liu , Bin Yu , Xiaodong Liu

The emergence of large-scale Mixture of Experts (MoE) models represents a significant advancement in artificial intelligence, offering enhanced model capacity and computational efficiency through conditional computation. However, deploying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-23 Jiacheng Liu , Peng Tang , Wenfeng Wang , Yuhang Ren , Xiaofeng Hou , Pheng-Ann Heng , Minyi Guo , Chao Li

Previous work on Universal Transformers (UTs) has demonstrated the importance of parameter sharing across layers. By allowing recurrence in depth, UTs have advantages over standard Transformers in learning compositional generalizations, but…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Róbert Csordás , Kazuki Irie , Jürgen Schmidhuber , Christopher Potts , Christopher D. Manning