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Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are increasingly vulnerable to sophisticated cyberattacks due to their complex, interconnected nature. Ensuring the cybersecurity of these systems is paramount to maintaining road safety and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Lu Gao , Yongxin Liu , Hongyun Chen , Dahai Liu , Yunpeng Zhang , Jingran Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced text understanding and generation, becoming integral to applications across education, software development, healthcare, entertainment, and legal services. Despite considerable…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Junzhe Yu , Yi Liu , Huijia Sun , Ling Shi , Yuqi Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to data-intensive workflows, from database querying to developer observability. Yet the effectiveness of these systems is constrained by the volume, verbosity, and noise of real-world…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Marcus Emmanuel Barnes , Taher A. Ghaleb , Safwat Hassan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automate or augment penetration testing, but their effectiveness and reliability across attack phases remain unclear. We present a comprehensive evaluation of multiple LLM-based agents,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Lanxiao Huang , Daksh Dave , Tyler Cody , Peter Beling , Ming Jin

Most LLM safety work studies single-agent models, but many real applications rely on multiple interacting agents. In these systems, prompt segmentation and inter-agent routing create attack surfaces that single-agent evaluations miss. We…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Nokimul Hasan Arif , Qian Lou , Mengxin Zheng

A high volume of recent ML security literature focuses on attacks against aligned large language models (LLMs). These attacks may extract private information or coerce the model into producing harmful outputs. In real-world deployments,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Ang Li , Yin Zhou , Vethavikashini Chithrra Raghuram , Tom Goldstein , Micah Goldblum

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in code generation by leveraging retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods. However, the computational costs associated with LLM inference, particularly in terms of…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Yanlin Wang , Jiadong Wu , Tianyue Jiang , Mingwei Liu , Jiachi Chen , Chong Wang , Ensheng Shi , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Zibin Zheng

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on third-party API routers to dispatch tool-calling requests across multiple upstream providers. These routers operate as application-layer proxies with full plaintext access to every…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Hanzhi Liu , Chaofan Shou , Hongbo Wen , Yanju Chen , Ryan Jingyang Fang , Yu Feng

While LLM-based agents can interact with environments via invoking external tools, their expanded capabilities also amplify security risks. Monitoring step-level tool invocation behaviors in real time and proactively intervening before…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Yutao Mou , Zhangchi Xue , Lijun Li , Peiyang Liu , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye , Jing Shao

Unconstructive debate and uncivil communication carry well-documented costs for productivity and cohesion, yet isolating their effect on operational efficiency has proven difficult. Human subject research in this domain is constrained by…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Alison Moldovan-Mauer , Benedikt Mangold

Today's AI agents are built on large language models (LLMs) equipped with tools to access and modify external environments, such as corporate file systems, API-accessible platforms and websites. AI agents offer the promise of automating…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Merlin Stein

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly equipped with capabilities of real-time web search and integrated with protocols like Model Context Protocol (MCP). This extension could introduce new security vulnerabilities. We present a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Junjie Xiong , Changjia Zhu , Shuhang Lin , Chong Zhang , Yongfeng Zhang , Yao Liu , Lingyao Li

The growth of online platforms and user content requires strong content moderation systems that can handle complex inputs from various media types. While large language models (LLMs) are effective, their high computational cost and latency…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Shutong Zhang , Dylan Zhou , Yinxiao Liu , Yang Yang , Huiwen Luo , Wenfei Zou

Large Language Model (LLM) agents remain vulnerable to safety threats from the external environment, where attackers inject adversarial content into external observations such as tool-returned data, webpages, or MCP context, causing harmful…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Yongxiang Li , Moxin Li , Zhixin Ma , Fengbin Zhu , Dongrui Liu , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng

Machine learning (ML) underpins foundation models in finance, healthcare, and critical infrastructure, making them targets for data poisoning, model extraction, prompt injection, automated jailbreaking, and preference-guided black-box…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Armstrong Foundjem , Lionel Nganyewou Tidjon , Leuson Da Silva , Foutse Khomh

As code large language models (LLMs) evolve into tool-interactive agents via the Model Context Protocol (MCP), their generalization is increasingly limited by low-quality synthetic data and the diminishing returns of quantity scaling.…

Autonomous Large Language Model (LLM) agents, exemplified by OpenClaw, demonstrate remarkable capabilities in executing complex, long-horizon tasks. However, their tightly coupled instant-messaging interaction paradigm and high-privilege…

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) extend large language models (LLMs) to process multi-modal information, enabling them to generate responses to image-text inputs. MLLMs have been incorporated into diverse multi-modal applications,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Zenghui Yuan , Jiawen Shi , Pan Zhou , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Lichao Sun

Agentic AI will be an essential enabling technology for designing future mobile communication systems, which could provide flexible and customized services, automate complex network operations, and drive autonomous decision-making across…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Purna Sai Garigipati , Onur Ayan , Kishor Chandra Joshi , Xueli An

This survey reviews works in which language models (LMs) are augmented with reasoning skills and the ability to use tools. The former is defined as decomposing a potentially complex task into simpler subtasks while the latter consists in…