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Annotating cancerous regions in whole-slide images (WSIs) of pathology samples plays a critical role in clinical diagnosis, biomedical research, and machine learning algorithms development. However, generating exhaustive and accurate…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-06-09 Zhenzhen Wang , Carla Saoud , Sintawat Wangsiricharoen , Aaron W. James , Aleksander S. Popel , Jeremias Sulam

Histopathology image analysis can be considered as a Multiple instance learning (MIL) problem, where the whole slide histopathology image (WSI) is regarded as a bag of instances (i.e, patches) and the task is to predict a single class label…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-06-28 Meng Li , Lin Wu , Arnold Wiliem , Kun Zhao , Teng Zhang , Brian C. Lovell

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) models have proven effective for cancer prognosis from Whole Slide Images. However, the original MIL formulation incorrectly assumes the patches of the same image to be independent, leading to a loss of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Thiziri Nait Saada , Valentina Di Proietto , Benoit Schmauch , Katharina Von Loga , Lucas Fidon

In the realm of digital pathology, multi-magnification Multiple Instance Learning (multi-mag MIL) has proven effective in leveraging the hierarchical structure of Whole Slide Images (WSIs) to reduce information loss and redundant data.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-11 Yujian Liu , Ruoxuan Wu , Xinjie Shen , Zihuang Lu , Lingyu Liang , Haiyu Zhou , Shipu Xu , Shaoai Cai , Shidang Xu

Histologic assessment of ulcerative colitis (UC) activity is an important endpoint in clinical trials and routine care, but manual grading with indices such as the Nancy histological index (NHI) is time-consuming and prone to observer…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Adam Kukučka , Ondřej Fabián , Vít Musil , Tomáš Brázdil

Multiple instance learning (MIL) has been successfully applied for whole slide images (WSIs) analysis in computational pathology, enabling a wide range of prediction tasks from tumor subtyping to inferring genetic mutations and multi-omics…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-25 Junyu Li , Ye Zhang , Wen Shu , Xiaobing Feng , Yingchun Wang , Pengju Yan , Xiaolin Li , Chulin Sha , Min He

In the field of whole slide image (WSI) classification, multiple instance learning (MIL) serves as a promising approach, commonly decoupled into feature extraction and aggregation. In this paradigm, our observation reveals that…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Xuenian Wang , Shanshan Shi , Renao Yan , Qiehe Sun , Lianghui Zhu , Tian Guan , Yonghong He

Introducing interpretability and reasoning into Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) methods for Whole Slide Image (WSI) analysis is challenging, given the complexity of gigapixel slides. Traditionally, MIL interpretability is limited to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-21 Saarthak Kapse , Pushpak Pati , Srijan Das , Jingwei Zhang , Chao Chen , Maria Vakalopoulou , Joel Saltz , Dimitris Samaras , Rajarsi R. Gupta , Prateek Prasanna

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) effectively analyzes whole slide images but faces overfitting due to attention over-concentration. While existing solutions rely on complex architectural modifications or additional processing steps, we…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Yunlong Zhang , Honglin Li , Yunxuan Sun , Zhongyi Shui , Jingxiong Li , Chenglu Zhu , Lin Yang

We propose a Deep learning-based weak label learning method for analyzing whole slide images (WSIs) of Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained tumor tissue not requiring pixel-level or tile-level annotations using Self-supervised pre-training…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-06-29 Yoni Schirris , Efstratios Gavves , Iris Nederlof , Hugo Mark Horlings , Jonas Teuwen

Class-incremental learning (CIL) enables models to learn new classes progressively while preserving knowledge of previously learned ones. Recent advances in this field have shifted towards parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques, with…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-13 Haoran Chen , Ping Wang , Zihan Zhou , Xu Zhang , Zuxuan Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Multi-instance learning (MIL) deals with tasks where data is represented by a set of bags and each bag is described by a set of instances. Unlike standard supervised learning, only the bag labels are observed whereas the label for each…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-27 Weijia Zhang , Jiuyong Li , Lin Liu

The Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) paradigm is attracting plenty of attention in medical imaging classification, where labeled data is scarce. MIL methods cast medical images as bags of instances (e.g. patches in whole slide images, or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Francisco M. Castro-Macías , Pablo Morales-Álvarez , Yunan Wu , Rafael Molina , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

The burgeoning discipline of computational pathology shows promise in harnessing whole slide images (WSIs) to quantify morphological heterogeneity and develop objective prognostic modes for human cancers. However, progress is impeded by the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Chao Tu , Kun Huang , Jie Zhang , Qianjin Feng , Yu Zhang , Zhenyuan Ning

Multiple Instance Learning is the predominant method for Whole Slide Image classification in digital pathology, enabling the use of slide-level labels to supervise model training. Although MIL eliminates the tedious fine-grained annotation…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Chen Shu , Boyu Fu , Yiman Li , Ting Yin , Wenchuan Zhang , Jie Chen , Yuhao Yi , Hong Bu

Weakly Supervised Video Anomaly Detection (WSVAD) is challenging because the binary anomaly label is only given on the video level, but the output requires snippet-level predictions. So, Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) is prevailing in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-03-23 Hui Lv , Zhongqi Yue , Qianru Sun , Bin Luo , Zhen Cui , Hanwang Zhang

Whole slide image (WSI) classification requires repetitive zoom-in and out for pathologists, as only small portions of the slide may be relevant to detecting cancer. Due to the lack of patch-level labels, multiple instance learning (MIL) is…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-11-30 Seongho Keum , Sanghyun Kim , Soojeong Lee , Juho Lee

Cancer survival prediction is a challenging task that involves analyzing of the tumor microenvironment within Whole Slide Image (WSI). Previous methods cannot effectively capture the intricate interaction features among instances within the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Zekang Yang , Hong Liu , Xiangdong Wang

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) is the predominant framework for classifying gigapixel whole-slide images in computational pathology. MIL follows a sequence of 1) extracting patch features, 2) applying a linear layer to obtain…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Daniel Shao , Joel Runevic , Richard J. Chen , Drew F. K. Williamson , Ahrong Kim , Andrew H. Song , Faisal Mahmood

Objective: Ulcerative colitis (UC), characterized by chronic inflammation with alternating remission-relapse cycles, requires precise histological healing (HH) evaluation to improve clinical outcomes. To overcome the limitations of…

定量方法 · 定量生物学 2025-05-16 Zhengxuan Qiu , Bo Peng , Xiaoying Tang , Jiankun Wang , Qin Guo