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Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant advances in reasoning tasks. A key approach is tree-based search with verifiers, which expand candidate reasoning paths and use reward models to guide pruning and selection. Although…

Pre-experiment stratification, or blocking, is a well-established technique for designing more efficient experiments and increasing the precision of the experimental estimates. However, when researchers have access to many covariates at the…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2025-10-01 George Gui , Seungwoo Kim

Like humans, Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to generate high-quality long-form text that adheres to strict requirements in a single pass. This challenge is unsurprising, as successful human writing, according to the Cognitive Writing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Kaiyang Wan , Honglin Mu , Rui Hao , Haoran Luo , Tianle Gu , Xiuying Chen

The code generation capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced applications like tool invocation and problem-solving. However, improving performance in code-related tasks remains challenging due to limited training data that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-28 Houxing Ren , Zimu Lu , Weikang Shi , Haotian Hou , Yunqiao Yang , Ke Wang , Aojun Zhou , Junting Pan , Mingjie Zhan , Hongsheng Li

Reinforcement learning (RL) has proven effective for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs), significantly enhancing their reasoning abilities in domains such as mathematics and code generation. A crucial factor influencing RL fine-tuning…

While Long Chain-of-Thought (Long CoT) reasoning has shown promise in Large Language Models (LLMs), its adoption for enhancing recommendation quality is growing rapidly. In this work, we critically examine this trend and argue that Long CoT…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Hongxun Ding , Keqin Bao , Jizhi Zhang , Yi Fang , Wenxin Xu , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a standard technique for post-training diffusion-based image synthesis models, as it enables learning from reward signals to explicitly improve desirable aspects such as image quality and prompt…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 David McAllister , Miika Aittala , Tero Karras , Janne Hellsten , Angjoo Kanazawa , Timo Aila , Samuli Laine

Branch-and-bound is a systematic enumerative method for combinatorial optimization, where the performance highly relies on the variable selection strategy. State-of-the-art handcrafted heuristic strategies suffer from relatively slow…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-15 Tianyu Zhang , Amin Banitalebi-Dehkordi , Yong Zhang

The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has driven a growing demand for automated, high-performance system kernels to accelerate machine learning workloads. We introduce TritonRL, a domain-specialized 8B-scale LLM for Triton…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Jiin Woo , Shaowei Zhu , Allen Nie , Zhen Jia , Yida Wang , Youngsuk Park

The development of state-of-the-art large language models is commonly understood as a two-stage process involving pre-training and post-training. We point out the need for an additional intermediate stage called reinforcement mid-training…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Yijun Tian , Shaoyu Chen , Zhichao Xu , Yawei Wang , Jinhe Bi , Peng Han , Wei Wang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) plays a crucial role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences and improving their ability to perform complex tasks. However, current approaches either require significant computational…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Kaixuan Ji , Guanlin Liu , Ning Dai , Qingping Yang , Renjie Zheng , Zheng Wu , Chen Dun , Quanquan Gu , Lin Yan

Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a capable and intuitive structure for the fundamental sequential decision-making problem. Despite impressive breakthroughs, it can still be difficult to employ RL in practice in many simple applications.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-01-18 Aida Afshar , Wenchao Li

With the release of R1, a publicly available large reasoning model (LRM), researchers commonly train new LRMs by training language models on R1's long chain-of-thought (CoT) inferences. While prior works show that LRMs' capabilities can be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Hyungjoo Chae , Dongjin Kang , Jihyuk Kim , Beong-woo Kwak , Sunghyun Park , Haeju Park , Jinyoung Yeo , Moontae Lee , Kyungjae Lee

Recent work suggests that preference-tuning techniques -- such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) methods like PPO and GRPO, as well as alternatives like DPO -- reduce diversity, creating a dilemma given that these models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Alexander Shypula , Shuo Li , Botong Zhang , Vishakh Padmakumar , Kayo Yin , Osbert Bastani

Aiming at efficient and dense chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, latent reasoning methods fine-tune Large Language Models (LLMs) to substitute discrete language tokens with continuous latent tokens. These methods consume fewer tokens…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Zhi Zheng , Wee Sun Lee

Reinforcement learning (RL) has increasingly become a pivotal technique in the post-training of large language models (LLMs). The effective exploration of the output space is essential for the success of RL. We observe that for complex…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Shihan Dou , Muling Wu , Jingwen Xu , Rui Zheng , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Recent large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities that benefits from online reinforcement learning (RL). These capabilities have primarily been demonstrated within the left-to-right autoregressive (AR)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Siyan Zhao , Devaansh Gupta , Qinqing Zheng , Aditya Grover

This paper assesses the potential for large language models (LLMs) to serve as assistive tools in the creative writing process, by means of a single, in-depth case study. In the course of the study, we develop interactive and multi-voice…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-08 Murray Shanahan , Catherine Clarke

Large pretrained models are showing increasingly better performance in reasoning and planning tasks across different modalities, opening the possibility to leverage them for complex sequential decision making problems. In this paper, we…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Martin Klissarov , Devon Hjelm , Alexander Toshev , Bogdan Mazoure

Reasoning-oriented Large Language Models (LLMs) often rely on generating explicit tokens step by step, and their effectiveness typically hinges on large-scale supervised fine-tuning or reinforcement learning. While Chain-of-Thought (CoT)…

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