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Recent work has explored training Large Language Model (LLM) search agents with reinforcement learning (RL) for open-domain question answering (QA). However, most evaluations focus solely on final answer accuracy, overlooking how these…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Jiaqi Shao , Yuxiang Lin , Munish Prasad Lohani , Yufeng Miao , Bing Luo

Existing benchmarks for Large Language Model (LLM) agents focus on task completion under idealistic settings but overlook reliability in real-world, user-facing applications. In domains, such as in-car voice assistants, users often issue…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Johannes Kirmayr , Lukas Stappen , Elisabeth André

LLM agents achieve 85-96% success on tasks where instructions fully specify the action, but drop to 29-53% when action feasibility depends on environmental state that the instruction does not mention. We argue that this gap reflects a…

The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to use external tools unlocks powerful real-world interactions, making rigorous evaluation essential. However, current benchmarks primarily report final accuracy, revealing what models can do but…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Qihao Wang , Yue Hu , Mingzhe Lu , Jiayue Wu , Yanbing Liu , Yuanmin Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise as data analysis agents, but existing benchmarks overlook the iterative nature of the field, where experts' decisions evolve with deeper insights of the dataset. To address this, we introduce…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-09 Hanyu Li , Haoyu Liu , Tingyu Zhu , Tianyu Guo , Zeyu Zheng , Xiaotie Deng , Michael I. Jordan

For Large Language Models (LLMs), a disconnect persists between benchmark performance and real-world utility. Current evaluation frameworks remain fragmented, prioritizing technical metrics while neglecting holistic assessment for…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Jun Wang , Ninglun Gu , Kailai Zhang , Zijiao Zhang , Yelun Bao , Jin Yang , Xu Yin , Liwei Liu , Yihuan Liu , Pengyong Li , Gary G. Yen , Junchi Yan

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents are widely used in real-world applications such as customer service, web navigation, and software engineering. As these systems become more autonomous and are deployed at scale, understanding why an…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Chen Qian , Peng Wang , Dongrui Liu , Junyao Yang , Dadi Guo , Ling Tang , Jilin Mei , Qihan Ren , Shuai Shao , Yong Liu , Jie Fu , Jing Shao , Xia Hu

With the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), general-purpose agents have seen fundamental advancements. However, evaluating these agents presents unique challenges that distinguish them from static QA benchmarks. We observe that current…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Pengyu Zhu , Li Sun , Philip S. Yu , Sen Su

Language models (LLMs) offer potential as a source of knowledge for agents that need to acquire new task competencies within a performance environment. We describe efforts toward a novel agent capability that can construct cues (or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-22 James R. Kirk , Robert E. Wray , Peter Lindes , John E. Laird

Understanding context is key to understanding human language, an ability which Large Language Models (LLMs) have been increasingly seen to demonstrate to an impressive extent. However, though the evaluation of LLMs encompasses various…

World models, which encapsulate the dynamics of how actions affect environments, are foundational to the functioning of intelligent agents. In this work, we explore the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) to operate as world models.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-04 Kaige Xie , Ian Yang , John Gunerli , Mark Riedl

Autonomous agent systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities in automating complex tasks. However, current evaluations largely rely on success rates without systematically analyzing the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Ruofan Lu , Yichen Li , Yintong Huo

LLM-based autonomous agents perform well on general reasoning tasks but still struggle to reliably use task structure, key constraints, and prior experience in complex real-world settings. We propose a case-based learning framework that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Zhenyu Ma , Yuyang Song , Chunyi Yang , Jingyi Zhu , Letian Yang , Xukai Jiang

Predictive analysis is a cornerstone of modern decision-making, with applications in various domains. Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in enabling nuanced, knowledge-intensive conversations, thus aiding in complex…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Qin Chen , Yuanyi Ren , Xiaojun Ma , Yuyang Shi

Multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems have shown promise for solving complex tasks through agent collaboration. However, existing frameworks assign tasks based on predefined roles without considering whether an agent can accurately…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Chenyu Wang , Yang Shu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in recommendation systems (RecSys) by using them as either knowledge enhancer or zero-shot ranker. A key challenge lies in the large semantic gap between LLMs and RecSys where the former…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-12-22 Guangneng Hu

The rapid evolution of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has advanced workflow automation; however, existing research mainly targets performance upper bounds in static environments, overlooking robustness for stochastic real-world…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Daocheng Fu , Jianbiao Mei , Rong Wu , Xuemeng Yang , Jia Xu , Ding Wang , Pinlong Cai , Yong Liu , Licheng Wen , Botian Shi

LLM-based agents represent a paradigm shift in AI, enabling autonomous systems to plan, reason, and use tools while interacting with dynamic environments. This paper provides the first comprehensive survey of evaluation methods for these…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Asaf Yehudai , Lilach Eden , Alan Li , Guy Uziel , Yilun Zhao , Roy Bar-Haim , Arman Cohan , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has traditionally focused on training specialized agents to optimize predefined reward functions within narrowly defined environments. However, the advent of powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) and increasingly…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Fangming Cui , Ruixiao Zhu , Cheng Fang , Sunan Li , Jiahong Li

Large language model (LLM) based agents have recently attracted much attention from the research and industry communities. Compared with original LLMs, LLM-based agents are featured in their self-evolving capability, which is the basis for…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-04-23 Zeyu Zhang , Xiaohe Bo , Chen Ma , Rui Li , Xu Chen , Quanyu Dai , Jieming Zhu , Zhenhua Dong , Ji-Rong Wen