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Current long chain-of-thought (long-CoT) models excel at mathematical reasoning but rely on slow and error-prone natural language traces. Tool-augmented agents address arithmetic via code execution, but often falter on complex logical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Weihua Du , Pranjal Aggarwal , Sean Welleck , Yiming Yang

Advances in self-distillation have shown that when knowledge is distilled from a teacher to a student using the same deep learning (DL) architecture, the student performance can surpass the teacher particularly when the network is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-25 Muhammad Haseeb Aslam , Clara Martinez , Marco Pedersoli , Alessandro Koerich , Ali Etemad , Eric Granger

Knowledge distillation improves large language model (LLM) reasoning by compressing the knowledge of a teacher LLM to train smaller LLMs. On-policy distillation advances this approach by having the student sample its own trajectories while…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Siyan Zhao , Zhihui Xie , Mengchen Liu , Jing Huang , Guan Pang , Feiyu Chen , Aditya Grover

Large language models (LLMs) excel at reasoning tasks requiring long thought sequences for planning, reflection, and refinement. However, their substantial model size and high computational demands are impractical for widespread deployment.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-03 Dongyi Ding , Tiannan Wang , Chenghao Zhu , Meiling Tao , Yuchen Eleanor Jiang , Wangchunshu Zhou

Chain-of-thought (CoT) distillation allows a large language model (LLM) to guide a small language model (SLM) in reasoning tasks. Existing methods train the SLM to learn the long rationale in one iteration, resulting in two issues: 1) Long…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Xiao Chen , Sihang Zhou , Ke Liang , Xiaoyu Sun , Xinwang Liu

Distilling the capabilities from a large reasoning model (LRM) to a smaller student model often involves training on substantial amounts of reasoning data. However, knowledge distillation (KD) over lengthy sequences with prompt (P),…

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable reasoning capabilities in tasks such as algorithmic coding and mathematical problem-solving. Recent methods have improved reasoning through expanded corpus and multistage training…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) scale up and gain powerful Chain-of-Thoughts (CoTs) reasoning abilities, practical resource constraints drive efforts to distill these capabilities into more compact Smaller Language Models (SLMs). We find…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Chengwei Dai , Kun Li , Wei Zhou , Songlin Hu

Black-box knowledge distillation for large language models presents a strict trade-off. Simple off-policy methods (e.g., sequence-level knowledge distillation) struggle to correct the student's inherent errors. Fully on-policy methods…

Recent large reasoning models such as DeepSeek-R1 exhibit strong complex problems solving abilities by generating long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning steps. It is challenging to directly train small language models (SLMs) to emerge long…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Zhaoyang Wang , Jinqi Jiang , Tian Qiu , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Huaxiu Yao

We propose a resource-efficient framework for compressing large language models through knowledge distillation, combined with guided chain-of-thought reinforcement learning. Using Qwen 3B as the teacher and Qwen 0.5B as the student, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Alejandro Paredes La Torre , Barbara Flores , Diego Rodriguez

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit enhanced reasoning at larger scales, driving efforts to distill these capabilities into smaller models via teacher-student learning. Previous works simply fine-tune student models on teachers' generated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Chengwei Dai , Kun Li , Wei Zhou , Songlin Hu

This paper introduces Light-R1, an open-source suite for training long reasoning models using reproducible and cost-effective methodology. Given the proprietary nature of data used in the DeepSeek-R1 series, we develop an alternative…

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) significantly enhances formal reasoning capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) by training them to explicitly generate intermediate reasoning steps. While LLMs readily benefit from such techniques, improving…

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) on long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) trajectories has become a pivotal phase in building large reasoning models. However, how CoT trajectories from different sources influence the generalization performance of models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Zhaoyi Li , Xiangyu Xi , Zhengyu Chen , Wei Wang , Gangwei Jiang , Ranran Shen , Linqi Song , Ying Wei , Defu Lian

Knowledge Distillation (KD) transfers knowledge from large models to small models and has recently achieved remarkable success. However, the reliability of existing KD methods in real-world applications, especially under distribution shift,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Songming Zhang , Yuxiao Luo , Ziyu Lyu , Xiaofeng Chen

We present a novel approach for training small language models for reasoning-intensive document ranking that combines knowledge distillation with reinforcement learning optimization. While existing methods often rely on expensive human…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Chris Samarinas , Hamed Zamani

The surge in Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized natural language processing, but fine-tuning them for specific tasks often encounters challenges in balancing performance and preserving general instruction-following abilities.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-29 Zhaorui Yang , Tianyu Pang , Haozhe Feng , Han Wang , Wei Chen , Minfeng Zhu , Qian Liu

Converting a pretrained Transformer into a more efficient hybrid model through distillation offers a promising approach to reducing inference costs. However, achieving high-quality generation in distilled models requires careful joint…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Juan Gabriel Kostelec , Xiang Wang , Axel Laborieux , Christos Sourmpis , Qinghai Guo

Reasoning-capable language models achieve state-of-the-art performance in diverse complex tasks by generating long, explicit Chain-of-Thought (CoT) traces. While recent works show that base models can acquire such reasoning traces via…