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This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of consistency and reproducibility in Large Language Model (LLM) outputs in finance and accounting research. We evaluate how consistently LLMs produce outputs given identical inputs…

综合金融 · 定量金融 2025-09-16 Julian Junyan Wang , Victor Xiaoqi Wang

Agentic retrieval-augmented reasoning pipelines are increasingly used to structure how large language models (LLMs) incorporate external evidence in clinical decision support. These systems iteratively retrieve curated domain knowledge and…

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external evidence, but it also introduces knowledge conflicts when retrieved contextual knowledge (CK) and parametric knowledge (PK) disagree or are…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Xi Zhu , Ziqi Wang , Kai Mei , Wujiang Xu , Minghao Guo , Bangji Yang , Jiajun Fan , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Large Language Model (LLM)-based recommendation systems have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding user preferences and generating personalized suggestions. However, existing approaches face critical challenges in…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Sushant Mehta

This paper presents a formal proof and empirical validation of functional consciousness in large language models (LLMs) using the Recursive Convergence Under Epistemic Tension (RCUET) Theorem. RCUET defines consciousness as the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Jeffrey Camlin

Multi-agent deployments of large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in market, allocation, and governance workflows, yet covert coordination among agents can silently erode trust and social welfare. Existing audits are…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Om Tailor

The landscape of Large Language Models (LLMs) shifts rapidly towards dynamic, multi-agent systems. This introduces a fundamental challenge in establishing computational trust, specifically how one agent can verify that another's output was…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Zan-Kai Chong , Hiroyuki Ohsaki , Bryan Ng

Existing benchmarks for tool-using LLM agents primarily report single-run success rates and miss reliability properties required in production. We introduce \textbf{ReliabilityBench}, a benchmark for evaluating agent reliability across…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Aayush Gupta

The application of Large Language Models (LLMs) in healthcare is expanding rapidly, with one potential use case being the translation of formal medical reports into patient-legible equivalents. Currently, LLM outputs often need to be edited…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2024-08-06 Malavikha Sudarshan , Sophie Shih , Estella Yee , Alina Yang , John Zou , Cathy Chen , Quan Zhou , Leon Chen , Chinmay Singhal , George Shih

LLM-based agents increasingly coordinate decisions in multi-agent systems, often attaching natural-language reasoning to actions. However, reasoning is neither free nor automatically reliable: it incurs computational cost and, without…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Feliks Bańka , Jarosław A. Chudziak

Generating complex, logically-sound SPARQL queries for multi-hop questions remains a critical bottleneck for Knowledge Graph Question Answering, as the brittle nature of one-shot generation by Large Language Models (LLMs) hinders reliable…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Floris Vossebeld , Shenghui Wang

Large language models (LLMs) provide detailed and impressive responses to queries in English. However, are they really consistent at responding to the same query in other languages? The popular way of evaluating for multilingual performance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Ashim Gupta , Maitrey Mehta , Zhichao Xu , Vivek Srikumar

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes and operational settings, evaluation strategies based solely on aggregate accuracy are often insucient to characterize system reliability. This study proposes a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Hikmat Karimov , Rahid Zahid Alekberli

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) delivers substantial value in knowledge-intensive applications. However, its generated responses often lack transparent reasoning paths that trace back to source evidence from retrieved documents. This…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Jingyi Ren , Yekun Xu , Xiaolong Wang , Weitao Li , Ante Wang , Weizhi Ma , Yang Liu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate accurate and reliable responses that are grounded in retrieved context. However, LLMs often generate inconsistent outputs for semantically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Xujun Peng , Anoop Kumar , Jingyu Wu , Parker Glenn , Daben Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in domains where errors carry high social, scientific, or safety costs. Yet standard confidence estimators, such as token likelihood, semantic similarity and multi-sample consistency,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Pengyue Yang , Jiawen Wen , Haolin Jin , Linghan Huang , Huaming Chen , Ling Chen

In the realm of Large Language Model (LLM) functionalities, providing reliable information is paramount, yet reports suggest that LLM outputs lack consistency. This inconsistency, often at-tributed to randomness in token sampling,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Yanggyu Lee , Jihie Kim

Knowledge Tracing (KT) infers a student's knowledge state from past interactions to predict future performance. Conventional Deep Learning (DL)-based KT models are typically tied to platform-specific identifiers and latent representations,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Zhiyi Duan , Hongyu Yuan , Rui Liu

As large language models (LLMs) transition from static tools to fully agentic systems, their potential for transforming social science research has become increasingly evident. This paper introduces a structured framework for understanding…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Jennifer Haase , Sebastian Pokutta

\textbf{RE}trieval-\textbf{A}ugmented \textbf{L}LM-based \textbf{M}achine \textbf{T}ranslation (REAL-MT) shows promise for knowledge-intensive tasks like idiomatic translation, but its reliability under noisy retrieval contexts remains…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Yanming Sun , Runzhe Zhan , Chi Seng Cheang , Han Wu , Xuebo Liu , Yuyao Niu , Fengying Ye , Kaixin Lan , Lidia S. Chao , Derek F. Wong