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Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a crucial tool in Visual Question Answering (VQA) for handling knowledge-intensive questions in few-shot or zero-shot scenarios. However, their reliance on massive training datasets often causes them…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Quanxing Xu , Ling Zhou , Feifei Zhang , Jinyu Tian , Rubing Huang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection identifies test samples that fall outside a model's training distribution, a capability critical for safe deployment in high-stakes applications. Standard OOD detectors are trained on a specific…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Shawn Li , You Qin , Jiate Li , Charith Peris , Lisa Bauer , Roger Zimmermann , Yue Zhao

Prompt-OVD is an efficient and effective framework for open-vocabulary object detection that utilizes class embeddings from CLIP as prompts, guiding the Transformer decoder to detect objects in both base and novel classes. Additionally, our…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-03-28 Hwanjun Song , Jihwan Bang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a task that detects OOD samples during inference to ensure the safety of deployed models. However, conventional benchmarks have reached performance saturation, making it difficult to compare recent OOD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Shiho Noda , Atsuyuki Miyai , Qing Yu , Go Irie , Kiyoharu Aizawa

Detecting and localising unknown or out-of-distribution (OOD) objects in any scene can be a challenging task in vision, particularly in safety-critical cases involving autonomous systems like automated vehicles or trains. Supervised anomaly…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Poulami Sinhamahapatra , Franziska Schwaiger , Shirsha Bose , Huiyu Wang , Karsten Roscher , Stephan Guennemann

Object detection has advanced significantly in the closed-set setting, but real-world deployment remains limited by two challenges: poor generalization to unseen categories and insufficient robustness under adverse conditions. Prior…

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs is critical for safely deploying deep learning models in the real world. Existing approaches for detecting OOD examples work well when evaluated on benign in-distribution and OOD samples. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-10 Jiefeng Chen , Yixuan Li , Xi Wu , Yingyu Liang , Somesh Jha

The complex and dynamic real-world clinical environment demands reliable deep learning (DL) systems. Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection plays a critical role in enhancing the reliability and generalizability of DL models when encountering…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Jiangbei Yue , Darren Treanor , Venkataraman Subramanian , Sharib Ali

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is critical for ensuring the safety and reliability of machine learning systems, particularly in dynamic and open-world environments. In the vision and text domains, zero-shot OOD detection - which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Haoyan Xu , Zhengtao Yao , Xuzhi Zhang , Ziyi Wang , Langzhou He , Yushun Dong , Philip S. Yu , Mengyuan Li , Yue Zhao

LiDAR-based 3D object detection plays a critical role for reliable and safe autonomous driving systems. However, existing detectors often produce overly confident predictions for objects not belonging to known categories, posing significant…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Michael Kösel , Marcel Schreiber , Michael Ulrich , Claudius Gläser , Klaus Dietmayer

Open-vocabulary object detection (OVOD) aims at localizing and recognizing visual objects from novel classes unseen at the training time. Whereas, empirical studies reveal that advanced detectors generally assign lower scores to those novel…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-04-15 Yanhao Zheng , Kai Liu

Diffusion models have demonstrated strong performance in sampling and editing multi-modal data with high generation quality, yet they suffer from the iterative generation process which is computationally expensive and slow. In addition,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-19 Xinrui Zu , Qian Tao

We aim at finetuning a vision-language model without hurting its out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization. We address two types of OOD generalization, i.e., i) domain shift such as natural to sketch images, and ii) zero-shot capability to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-04-10 Jinwei Han , Zhiwen Lin , Zhongyisun Sun , Yingguo Gao , Ke Yan , Shouhong Ding , Yuan Gao , Gui-Song Xia

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data is crucial in real-world machine learning applications, particularly in safety-critical domains. Existing methods often leverage language information from vision-language models (VLMs) to enhance OOD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Shu Zou , Xinyu Tian , Qinyu Zhao , Zhaoyuan Yang , Jing Zhang

The pre-trained vision-language model, exemplified by CLIP, advances zero-shot semantic segmentation by aligning visual features with class embeddings through a transformer decoder to generate semantic masks. Despite its effectiveness,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-14 Zicheng Zhang , Tong Zhang , Yi Zhu , Jianzhuang Liu , Xiaodan Liang , QiXiang Ye , Wei Ke

Recent approaches have shown that training deep neural networks directly on large-scale image-text pair collections enables zero-shot transfer on various recognition tasks. One central issue is how this can be generalized to object…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-08-30 Johnathan Xie , Shuai Zheng

Remote sensing change detection (CD) aims to identify where land-cover semantics change across time, but most existing methods still assume a fixed label space and therefore cannot answer arbitrary user-defined queries. Open-vocabulary…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Weidong Tang , Hanbin Sun , Zihan Li , Yikai Wang , Feifan Zhang

Vision-language models (VLMs) struggle in open-world applications, where out-of-distribution (OOD) concepts often trigger cross-modal alignment collapse and severely degrade zero-shot performance. We identify the root cause as modal…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Jensen Zhang , Ningyuan Liu , Keze Wang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for deploying machine learning models in open-world and safety-critical scenarios, where test inputs may deviate from the training distribution and overconfident predictions on unknown…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Fengqiang Wan , Qing-Yuan Jiang , Yang Yang

We present a comprehensive experimental study on pretrained feature extractors for visual out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, focusing on adapting contrastive language-image pretrained (CLIP) models. Without fine-tuning on the training…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-11-10 Nikolas Adaloglou , Felix Michels , Tim Kaiser , Markus Kollmann