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Graph Neural Network (GNN) resembles the diffusion process, leading to the over-smoothing of learned representations when stacking many layers. Hence, the reverse process of message passing can produce the distinguishable node…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 MoonJeong Park , Jaeseung Heo , Dongwoo Kim

Graph neural networks (GNNs), which learn the node representations by recursively aggregating information from its neighbors, have become a predominant computational tool in many domains. To handle large-scale graphs, most of the existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-01 Kaixiong Zhou , Ninghao Liu , Fan Yang , Zirui Liu , Rui Chen , Li Li , Soo-Hyun Choi , Xia Hu

Graph neural networks (GNN) have recently emerged as a vehicle for applying deep network architectures to graph and relational data. However, given the increasing size of industrial datasets, in many practical situations the message passing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-16 Qingru Zhang , David Wipf , Quan Gan , Le Song

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a powerful solution for various structure learning applications due to their strong representation capabilities for graph data. However, traditional GNNs, relying on message-passing mechanisms that gather…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Wei Duan , Jie Lu , Yu Guang Wang , Junyu Xuan

Oversmoothing is a fundamental challenge in graph neural networks (GNNs): as the number of layers increases, node embeddings become increasingly similar, and model performance drops sharply. Traditionally, oversmoothing has been quantified…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Kaicheng Zhang , Piero Deidda , Desmond Higham , Francesco Tudisco

In recent years, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown superior performance on diverse applications on real-world datasets. To improve the model capacity and alleviate the over-smoothing problem, several methods proposed to incorporate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-28 Lanning Wei , Huan Zhao , Zhiqiang He

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) are known to suffer from performance degradation as the number of layers increases, which is usually attributed to over-smoothing. Despite the apparent consensus, we observe that there exists a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-29 Weilin Cong , Morteza Ramezani , Mehrdad Mahdavi

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), a type of neural network that can learn from graph-structured data through neighborhood information aggregation, have shown superior performance in various downstream tasks. However, as the number of layers…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-01 Jingbo Zhou , Yixuan Du , Ruqiong Zhang , Jun Xia , Zhizhi Yu , Zelin Zang , Di Jin , Carl Yang , Rui Zhang , Stan Z. Li

The performance of graph neural nets (GNNs) is known to gradually decrease with increasing number of layers. This decay is partly attributed to oversmoothing, where repeated graph convolutions eventually make node embeddings…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-14 Lingxiao Zhao , Leman Akoglu

The landscape of financial transactions has grown increasingly complex due to the expansion of global economic integration and advancements in information technology. This complexity poses greater challenges in detecting and managing…

统计金融 · 定量金融 2025-10-09 Dawei Cheng , Yao Zou , Sheng Xiang , Changjun Jiang

Credit card fraud is a major issue nowadays, costing huge money and affecting trust in financial systems. Traditional fraud detection methods often fail to detect advanced and growing fraud techniques. This study focuses on using Graph…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Irin Sultana , Syed Mustavi Maheen , Naresh Kshetri , Md Nasim Fardous Zim

Graph neural network (GNN) has shown convincing performance in learning powerful node representations that preserve both node attributes and graph structural information. However, many GNNs encounter problems in effectiveness and efficiency…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-01-03 Jiyang Bai , Yuxiang Ren , Jiawei Zhang

Message Passing Neural Networks (MPNNs) are a class of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) that propagate information across the graph via local neighborhoods. The scheme gives rise to two key challenges: over-smoothing and over-squashing. While…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Jasraj Singh , Keyue Jiang , Brooks Paige , Laura Toni

Graph neural networks (GNN) suffer from severe inefficiency. It is mainly caused by the exponential growth of node dependency with the increase of layers. It extremely limits the application of stochastic optimization algorithms so that the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-23 Hongyuan Zhang , Yanan Zhu , Xuelong Li

A common issue in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) is known as over-smoothing. By increasing the number of iterations within the message-passing of GNNs, the nodes' representations of the input graph align with each other and become…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-22 Christian M. M. Frey , Yunpu Ma , Matthias Schubert

GNNs are widely used to solve various tasks including node classification and link prediction. Most of the GNN architectures assume the initial embedding to be random or generated from popular distributions. These initial embeddings require…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-31 Shraban Kumar Chatterjee , Suman Kundu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved promising results in tasks such as node classification and graph classification. However, recent studies reveal that GNNs are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, posing a significant threat to their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-13 Zhiwei Zhang , Minhua Lin , Junjie Xu , Zongyu Wu , Enyan Dai , Suhang Wang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown state-of-the-art performances in various applications. However, GNNs often struggle to capture long-range dependencies in graphs due to oversmoothing. In this paper, we generalize the concept of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-01 Sohir Maskey , Raffaele Paolino , Aras Bacho , Gitta Kutyniok

Oversmoothing is a common challenge in learning graph neural networks (GNN), where, as layers increase, embedding features learned from GNNs quickly become similar or indistinguishable, making them incapable of differentiating network…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Yufei Jin , Xingquan Zhu

Oversmoothing has been recognized as a main obstacle to building deep Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), limiting the performance. This position paper argues that the influence of oversmoothing has been overstated and advocates for a further…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 MoonJeong Park , Sunghyun Choi , Jaeseung Heo , Eunhyeok Park , Dongwoo Kim