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The expansion of large language models is increasingly limited by the constrained memory capacity of modern GPUs. To mitigate this, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures activate only a small portion of parameters during inference,…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Zixu Shen , Kexin Chu , Yifan Zhang , Dawei Xiang , Runxin Wu , Wei Zhang

The emergence of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has transformed the scaling of large language models by enabling vast model capacity through sparse activation. Yet, converting these performance gains into practical edge deployment remains…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Tian Wu , Liming Wang , Zijian Wen , Xiaoxi Zhang , Xu Chen , Jingpu Duan , Xianwei Zhang , Jinhang Zuo

Sparse Mixture of Experts (SMoE) enables scalable parameter growth in large language models (LLMs) by selectively activating a subset of experts, and its large parameter count necessitates distributed deployment for inference. However,…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Yu Han , Lehan Pan , Jie Peng , Ziyang Tao , Hanqi Zhu , Wuyang Zhang , Yanyong Zhang

In this work, we aim to simultaneously enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) methods. To achieve this, we propose MoE++, a general and heterogeneous MoE framework that integrates both Feed-Forward…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-11 Peng Jin , Bo Zhu , Li Yuan , Shuicheng Yan

Scale has opened new frontiers in natural language processing -- but at a high cost. In response, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) and Switch Transformers have been proposed as an energy efficient path to even larger and more capable language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-05-03 Barret Zoph , Irwan Bello , Sameer Kumar , Nan Du , Yanping Huang , Jeff Dean , Noam Shazeer , William Fedus

Neurons in large language models often exhibit \emph{polysemanticity}, simultaneously encoding multiple unrelated concepts and obscuring interpretability. Instead of relying on post-hoc methods, we present \textbf{MoE-X}, a…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models facilitate edge deployment by decoupling model capacity from active computation, yet their large memory footprint drives the need for GPU systems with near-data processing (NDP) capabilities that offload…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Qi Wu , Chao Fang , Jiayuan Chen , Ye Lin , Yueqi Zhang , Yichuan Bai , Yuan Du , Li Du

Parameter-efficient transfer learning (PETL) has emerged as a pivotal paradigm for adapting pre-trained foundation models to downstream tasks, significantly reducing trainable parameters yet suffering from substantial memory overhead caused…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Yutong Zhang , Zimeng Wu , Shangcai Liao , Shujiang Wu , Jiaxin Chen

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture is crucial for scaling large language models, but its scalability is severely limited by inter-GPU communication bottlenecks in multi-GPU systems. Although overlapping communication with computation…

Mixture of experts (MoE) models achieve state-of-the-art results in language modeling but suffer from inefficient hardware utilization due to imbalanced token routing and communication overhead. While prior work has focused on optimizing…

Sparsely activated Mixture-of-Experts (SMoE) has shown promise to scale up the learning capacity of neural networks, however, they have issues like (a) High Memory Usage, due to duplication of the network layers into multiple copies as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-15 Pingzhi Li , Zhenyu Zhang , Prateek Yadav , Yi-Lin Sung , Yu Cheng , Mohit Bansal , Tianlong Chen

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a milestone in aligning large language models with human instructions and adapting them to downstream tasks. In particular, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has gained widespread attention due to its parameter…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Jia-Chen Zhang , Yu-Jie Xiong , Xi-He Qiu , Chun-Ming Xia , Fei Dai , Zheng Zhou

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has successfully scaled up models while maintaining nearly constant computing costs. By employing a gating network to route input tokens, it selectively activates a subset of expert networks to process the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Mohan Zhang , Pingzhi Li , Jie Peng , Mufan Qiu , Tianlong Chen

Despite the computational efficiency of MoE models, the excessive memory footprint and I/O overhead inherent in multi-expert architectures pose formidable challenges for real-time inference on resource-constrained edge platforms. While…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Yuegui Huang , Zhiyuan Fang , Weiqi Luo , Ruoyu Wu , Wuhui Chen , Zibin Zheng

The community explored to build private inference frameworks for transformer-based large language models (LLMs) in a server-client setting, where the server holds the model parameters and the client inputs its private data (or prompt) for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-18 Xuanqi Liu , Zhuotao Liu

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has led to the adoption of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures that dynamically leverage specialized subnetworks for improved efficiency and performance. Despite their benefits, MoE…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Ruisi Cai , Yeonju Ro , Geon-Woo Kim , Peihao Wang , Babak Ehteshami Bejnordi , Aditya Akella , Zhangyang Wang

The generation quality of large language models (LLMs) is often improved by utilizing inference-time sequence-level scaling methods (e.g., Chain-of-Thought). We introduce hyper-parallel scaling, a complementary framework that improves…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Soheil Zibakhsh , Mohammad Samragh , Kumari Nishu , Lauren Hannah , Arnav Kundu , Minsik Cho

The proliferation of AI-powered cameras in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) creates a severe conflict between the need for rich visual data and the right to privacy. Existing privacy-preserving methods, such as blurring or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-18 Abdolazim Rezaei , Mehdi Sookhak , Mahboobeh Haghparast

How to reduce compute and memory requirements of neural networks (NNs) without sacrificing performance? Many recent works use sparse Mixtures of Experts (MoEs) to build resource-efficient large language models (LMs). Here we introduce…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-22 Róbert Csordás , Kazuki Irie , Jürgen Schmidhuber

The mixture-of-experts (MoE) architecture scales model size with sublinear computational increase but suffers from memory-intensive inference due to KV caches and sparse expert activation. Recent disaggregated expert parallelism (DEP)…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-12-29 Xinglin Pan , Shaohuai Shi , Wenxiang Lin , Yuxin Wang , Zhenheng Tang , Wei Wang , Xiaowen Chu