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Supervised and preference-based fine-tuning techniques have become popular for aligning large language models (LLMs) with user intent and correctness criteria. However, real-world training data often exhibits spurious correlations --…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-12 Julia Shuieh , Prasann Singhal , Apaar Shanker , John Heyer , George Pu , Samuel Denton

LLMs often require adaptation to domain-specific requirements, a process that can be expensive when relying solely on SFT. We present an empirical study on applying CPO to simulate a post-editing workflow for data-efficient domain…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Inacio Vieira , Antonio Castaldo , James O'Doherty , Sheila Castilho

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) pose critical safety challenges, as they are susceptible not only to adversarial attacks such as jailbreaking but also to inadvertently generating harmful content for benign users. While internal…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Ming Wen , Kun Yang , Xin Chen , Jingyu Zhang , Dingding Han , Shiwen Cui , Yuedong Xu

This research investigates the effectiveness of alignment techniques, Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), and a combined SFT+DPO approach on improving the safety and helpfulness of the OPT-350M language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-12 Piyush Pant

Reliable AI systems require large language models (LLMs) to exhibit behaviors aligned with human preferences and values. However, most existing alignment approaches operate at training time and rely on additional high-quality data,…

Instruction tuning large language models (LLMs) using machine-generated instruction-following data has improved zero-shot capabilities on new tasks, but the idea is less explored in the multimodal field. In this paper, we present the first…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-12-14 Haotian Liu , Chunyuan Li , Qingyang Wu , Yong Jae Lee

Machine learning techniques applied to the problem of financial market forecasting struggle with dynamic regime switching, or underlying correlation and covariance shifts in true (hidden) market variables. Drawing inspiration from the…

计算金融 · 定量金融 2024-06-25 Raeid Saqur

While large language models (LLMs) have recently made tremendous progress towards solving challenging AI problems, they have done so at increasingly steep computational and API costs. We propose a novel strategy where we combine multiple…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Wenwen Si , Sooyong Jang , Insup Lee , Osbert Bastani

Instruction fine-tuning has conventionally been employed to adapt Large Language Models (LLMs) to a variety of tasks. Nonetheless, this technique often necessitates substantial computational resources, making it impractical for deployment…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Zhenting Qi , Xiaoyu Tan , Shaojie Shi , Chao Qu , Yinghui Xu , Yuan Qi

We present Entropic Mutual-Information Geometry Large-Language Model Alignment (ENIGMA), a novel approach to Large-Language Model (LLM) training that jointly improves reasoning, alignment and robustness by treating an organisation's…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Gareth Seneque , Lap-Hang Ho , Nafise Erfanian Saeedi , Jeffrey Molendijk , Ariel Kuperman , Tim Elson

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT), supervised instruction tuning (SIT) and in-context learning (ICL) are three alternative, de facto standard approaches to few-shot learning. ICL has gained popularity recently with the advent of LLMs due to its…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-05 Evgeniia Razumovskaia , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have become essential backbones of modern multimodal intelligence, yet their outputs remain prone to hallucination-plausible text misaligned with visual inputs. Existing alignment approaches often rely on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Kejia Chen , Jiawen Zhang , Jiacong Hu , Kewei Gao , Jian Lou , Zunlei Feng , Mingli Song

As educational systems evolve, ensuring that assessment items remain aligned with content standards is essential for maintaining fairness and instructional relevance. Traditional human alignment reviews are accurate but slow and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Farzan Karimi-Malekabadi , Pooya Razavi , Sonya Powers

Generalizable alignment is a core challenge for deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) safely in real-world NLP applications. Current alignment methods, including Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), often fail to guarantee…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-07 Jaymari Chua , Chen Wang , Lina Yao

Training large language models (LLMs) presents numerous challenges, including gradient instability and loss spikes. These phenomena can lead to catastrophic divergence, requiring costly checkpoint restoration and data batch skipping.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-04 Abhay Kumar , Louis Owen , Nilabhra Roy Chowdhury , Fabian Güra

We propose LCLA (Language-Conditioned Latent Alignment), a framework for vision-language navigation that learns modular perception-action interfaces by aligning sensory observations to a latent representation of an expert policy. The expert…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Nitesh Subedi , Adam Haroon , Samuel Tetteh , Prajwal Koirala , Cody Fleming , Soumik Sarkar

Large language models are first pre-trained on trillions of tokens and then instruction-tuned or aligned to specific preferences. While pre-training remains out of reach for most researchers due to the compute required, fine-tuning has…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-10 Megh Thakkar , Quentin Fournier , Matthew D Riemer , Pin-Yu Chen , Amal Zouaq , Payel Das , Sarath Chandar

Continual instruction tuning(CIT) during the post-training phase is crucial for adapting multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to evolving real-world demands. However, the progress is hampered by the lack of benchmarks with rigorous,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-16 Haiyun Guo , Zhiyan Hou , Yandu Sun , Jinghan He , Yu Chen , Yuzhe Zhou , Yuheng Jia , Jinqiao Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Despite the success of Instruction Tuning (IT) in training large language models (LLMs), such models often leverage spurious or biased features learnt from their training data and can become misaligned, leading to undesired behaviours.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Tom A. Lamb , Adam Davies , Alasdair Paren , Philip H. S. Torr , Francesco Pinto

Transcending the single-preference paradigm, aligning LLMs with diverse human values is pivotal for robust deployment. Contemporary Multi-Objective Preference Alignment (MPA) approaches predominantly rely on static linear scalarization or…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Renxuan Tan , Rongpeng Li , Zhifeng Zhao , Honggang Zhang