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To tackle the susceptibility of deep neural networks to adversarial examples, the adversarial training has been proposed which provides a notion of security through an inner maximization problem presenting the first-order adversaries…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-27 Hao Cheng , Kaidi Xu , Chenan Wang , Bhavya Kailkhura , Xue Lin , Ryan Goldhahn

Mixture of Experts (MoE) are successful models for modeling heterogeneous data in many statistical learning problems including regression, clustering and classification. Generally fitted by maximum likelihood estimation via the well-known…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-10-30 Faicel Chamroukhi , Bao-Tuyen Huynh

Sparse Mixture of Experts (SMoEs) models scale the capacity of models while maintaining constant computational overhead. Early designs typically relied on a fixed value of $k$, where $k$ represents either the number of experts selected per…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Giang Do , Hung Le , Truyen Tran

Sparsely activated transformers, such as Mixture of Experts (MoE), have received great interest due to their outrageous scaling capability which enables dramatical increases in model size without significant increases in computational cost.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-05 Rui Liu , Young Jin Kim , Alexandre Muzio , Hany Hassan Awadalla

Traditional Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) networks benefit from utilizing multiple smaller expert models as opposed to a single large network. However, these experts typically operate independently, leaving a question open about whether…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Bo Lv , Chen Tang , Zifan Zheng , Bohao Yang , Kun Zhao , Ning Liao , Xiaoxing Wang , Feiyu Xiong , Zhiyu Li , Nayu Liu , Jingchi Jiang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has emerged as a prominent architecture for scaling model size while maintaining computational efficiency. In MoE, each token in the input sequence activates a different subset of experts determined by a routing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Chufan Shi , Cheng Yang , Xinyu Zhu , Jiahao Wang , Taiqiang Wu , Siheng Li , Deng Cai , Yujiu Yang , Yu Meng

Expert parallelism is vital for effectively training Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models, enabling different devices to host distinct experts, with each device processing different input data. However, during expert parallel training, dynamic…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Xinyi Liu , Yujie Wang , Fangcheng Fu , Xuefeng Xiao , Huixia Li , Jiashi Li , Bin Cui

This paper uses classical high-rate quantization theory to provide new insights into mixture-of-experts (MoE) models for regression tasks. Our MoE is defined by a segmentation of the input space to regions, each with a single-parameter…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Yehuda Dar

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) enables efficient scaling of large language models (LLMs) with sparsely activated experts during inference. To effectively deploy large MoE models on memory-constrained devices, many systems introduce *expert…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Jingcong Liang , Siyuan Wang , Miren Tian , Yitong Li , Duyu Tang , Zhongyu Wei

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models achieve efficiency through sparse activation, but the role of geometric regularization in expert specialization remains unclear. We apply orthogonality loss to enforce expert diversity and find it fails on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Hyunjun Kim

Imposing known physical constraints, such as conservation laws, during neural network training introduces an inductive bias that can improve accuracy, reliability, convergence, and data efficiency for modeling physical dynamics. While such…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-22 Nithin Chalapathi , Yiheng Du , Aditi Krishnapriyan

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture has become a fundamental building block in state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs), improving domain-specific expertise in LLMs and scaling model capacity without proportionally increasing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Ankit Jyothish , Ali Jannesari , Aishwarya Sarkar , Joseph Zuber

In this paper, we aim to build a robust question answering system that can adapt to out-of-domain datasets. A single network may overfit to the superficial correlation in the training distribution, but with a meaningful number of expert…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-21 Yu Qing Zhou , Xixuan Julie Liu , Yuanzhe Dong

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) is becoming popular due to its success in improving the model quality, especially in Transformers. By routing tokens with a sparse gate to a few experts (i.e., a small pieces of the full model), MoE can easily…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-11 Xiaonan Nie , Xupeng Miao , Shijie Cao , Lingxiao Ma , Qibin Liu , Jilong Xue , Youshan Miao , Yi Liu , Zhi Yang , Bin Cui

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures combine specialized predictors through a learned gate and are effective across regression and classification, but for classification with softmax multinomial-logistic gating, rigorous guarantees for…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have become the key to scaling modern LLMs, yet little is understood about how their sparse routing dynamics respond to multilingual data. In this work, we analyze expert routing patterns using…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Lucas Bandarkar , Chenyuan Yang , Mohsen Fayyaz , Junlin Hu , Nanyun Peng

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have emerged as a leading paradigm for scaling large language models through sparse, routing-based computation. However, this design introduces a new attack surface: the routing mechanism that…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Zekun Fei , Zihao Wang , Weijie Liu , Ruiqi He , Jianing Geng , Zheli Liu , XiaoFeng Wang

Contemporary transformer architectures apply identical processing depth to all inputs, creating inefficiencies and limiting reasoning quality. Simple factual queries are subjected to the same multilayered computation as complex logical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Sampurna Roy , Ayan Sar , Anurag Kaushish , Kanav Gupta , Tanupriya Choudhury , Abhijit Kumar

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a promising way to scale up the learning capacity of large language models. It increases the number of parameters while keeping FLOPs nearly constant during inference through sparse activation. Yet, it still…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Pingzhi Li , Xiaolong Jin , Zhen Tan , Yu Cheng , Tianlong Chen

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models achieve efficient scaling through sparse expert activation, but often suffer from suboptimal routing decisions due to distribution shifts in deployment. While existing test-time adaptation methods could…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Guinan Su , Yanwu Yang , Li Shen , Lu Yin , Shiwei Liu , Jonas Geiping
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