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Modern language models generate chain-of-thought traces by autoregressively sampling tokens from a finite vocabulary. While this discrete sampling has achieved remarkable success, conducting chain-of-thought with continuously-valued tokens…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in handling complex tasks through long-chain reasoning. However, the extensive reasoning steps involved can significantly increase computational costs, posing challenges for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Yunhao Wang , Yuhao Zhang , Tinghao Yu , Can Xu , Feng Zhang , Fengzong Lian

Chain of thought (CoT) elicits reasoning in large language models by explicitly generating intermediate tokens. In contrast, latent thought reasoning operates directly in the continuous latent space, enabling computation beyond discrete…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Kevin Xu , Issei Sato

Large Language Models (LLMs) solve many reasoning tasks via chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting, but smaller models (about 7 to 8B parameters) still struggle with multi-step reasoning under tight compute and token budgets. Existing test time…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Sagnik Chatterjee , Atharva Patil , Sricharan Ramesh

While Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting boosts Language Models' (LM) performance on a gamut of complex reasoning tasks, the generated reasoning chain does not necessarily reflect how the model arrives at the answer (aka. faithfulness). We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-22 Qing Lyu , Shreya Havaldar , Adam Stein , Li Zhang , Delip Rao , Eric Wong , Marianna Apidianaki , Chris Callison-Burch

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has significantly improved the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, conventional CoT often relies on unstructured, flat reasoning chains that suffer from redundancy and suboptimal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Xingshuai Huang , Derek Li , Bahareh Nikpour , Parsa Omidi

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting has become central to mathematical reasoning in large language models, yet models remain brittle to early errors: a single arithmetic slip or unjustified inference typically propagates uncorrected to an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-22 Saraswathy Amjith , Mihika Dusad , Neha Muramalla , Shweta Shah

Standard chain-of-thought reasoning generates a solution in a single forward pass, committing irrevocably to each token and lacking a mechanism to recover from early errors. We introduce Inference-Time Rethinking, a generative framework…

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve strong performance through explicit chain-of-thought reasoning but suffer from \textit{overthinking}: generating excessive reasoning tokens even for trivial queries. {Beyond inflating cost, overthinking…

Chain-of-thought (CoT) offers a potential boon for AI safety as it allows monitoring a model's CoT to try to understand its intentions and reasoning processes. However, the effectiveness of such monitoring hinges on CoTs faithfully…

Reasoning language models improve performance on complex tasks by generating long chains of thought (CoTs), but this process can also increase harmful outputs in adversarial settings. In this work, we ask whether the long CoTs can be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Yik Siu Chan , Zheng-Xin Yong , Stephen H. Bach

The long-output context generation of large reasoning models enables extended chain of thought (CoT) but also drives rapid growth of the key-value (KV) cache, quickly overwhelming GPU memory. To address this challenge, we propose ThinKV, a…

Large reasoning models (LRMs), such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1, have significantly enhanced their reasoning capabilities by generating longer chains of thought, demonstrating outstanding performance across a variety of tasks. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Haoran Zhao , Yuchen Yan , Yongliang Shen , Haolei Xu , Wenqi Zhang , Kaitao Song , Jian Shao , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang

Reasoning Large Language Models (RLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on complex tasks, largely due to the adoption of Long Chain-of-Thought (Long CoT) reasoning. However, they often exhibit overthinking -- performing unnecessary…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Keqin Peng , Liang Ding , Yuanxin Ouyang , Meng Fang , Dacheng Tao

Advanced reasoning in large language models has achieved remarkable performance on challenging tasks, but the prevailing long-context reasoning paradigm faces critical limitations: quadratic computational scaling with sequence length,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Yuchen Yan , Yongliang Shen , Yang Liu , Jin Jiang , Mengdi Zhang , Jian Shao , Yueting Zhuang

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong reasoning abilities, often attributed to few-shot or zero-shot chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting. While effective, these methods require labor-intensive prompt engineering, raising the question of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Hyunbin Jin , Je Won Yeom , Seunghyun Bae , Taesup Kim

We provide evidence of performative chain-of-thought (CoT) in reasoning models, where a model becomes strongly confident in its final answer, but continues generating tokens without revealing its internal belief. Our analysis compares…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Siddharth Boppana , Annabel Ma , Max Loeffler , Raphael Sarfati , Eric Bigelow , Atticus Geiger , Owen Lewis , Jack Merullo

Long chain-of-thought (Long CoT) reasoning improves performance on multi-step problems, but it also induces overthinking: models often generate low-yield reasoning that increases inference cost and latency. This inefficiency is especially…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Chenjun Xu , Zhennan Zhou , Zhan Su , Bill Howe , Lucy Lu Wang , Bingbing Wen

Latent tokens are gaining attention for enhancing reasoning in large language models (LLMs), yet their internal mechanisms remain unclear. This paper examines the problem from a reliability perspective, uncovering fundamental weaknesses:…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-29 Yuyi Zhang , Boyu Tang , Tianjie Ju , Sufeng Duan , Gongshen Liu

Recent advances in speech large language models (speech LLMs) have enabled seamless spoken interactions, but these systems still struggle with complex reasoning tasks. Previously, chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting or fine-tuning has been to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Yi-Jen Shih , Desh Raj , Chunyang Wu , Wei Zhou , SK Bong , Yashesh Gaur , Jay Mahadeokar , Ozlem Kalinli , Mike Seltzer