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LLMs are seeing growing use for applications which require large context windows, and with these large context windows KV cache activations surface as the dominant contributor to memory consumption during inference. Quantization is a…

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a primary approach for deploying large language models without fine-tuning, and the quantized performance is often strongly affected by the calibration in PTQ. By contrast, in vision-language models…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Zhenhao Shang , Haizhao Jing , Guoting Wei , Haokui Zhang , Rong Xiao , Jianqing Gao , Peng Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated strong potential for cybersecurity question answering (QA), supporting decision-making in real-time threat detection and response workflows. However, their substantial computational…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-18 Onat Gungor , Roshan Sood , Harold Wang , Tajana Rosing

Increasing the number of parameters in large language models (LLMs) usually improves performance in downstream tasks but raises compute and memory costs, making deployment difficult in resource-limited settings. Quantization techniques,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Renren Jin , Jiangcun Du , Wuwei Huang , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Bin Wang , Deyi Xiong

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) is increasingly constrained by memory and latency bottlenecks, motivating the need for quantization techniques that flexibly balance accuracy and efficiency. Recent work has introduced…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Gunho Park , Jeongin Bae , Beomseok Kwon , Byeongwook Kim , Se Jung Kwon , Dongsoo Lee

Large language models (LLMs) show impressive performance in solving complex language tasks. However, its large number of parameters presents significant challenges for the deployment. So, compressing LLMs to low bits can enable to deploy on…

As large language models (LLMs) continue to scale, deployment is increasingly bottlenecked by the memory wall, motivating a shift toward extremely low-bit quantization. However, most quantization-aware training (QAT) methods apply hard…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Guoan Wang , Feiyu Wang , Zongwei Lv , Yikun Zong , Tong Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance but entail significant memory and computational costs, restricting their practical deployment. While existing INT4/INT8 quantization reduces these costs, they often degrade…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Hao Zhang , Aining Jia , Weifeng Bu , Yushu Cai , Kai Sheng , Hao Chen , Xin He

Several post-training quantization methods have been applied to large language models (LLMs), and have been shown to perform well down to 8-bits. We find that these methods break down at lower bit precision, and investigate quantization…

In this paper, we present a novel method that reduces model inference latency during distributed deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs). Our contribution is an optimized inference deployment scheme that address the current limitations…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-02-08 Adnan Hoque , Mudhakar Srivatsa , Chih-Chieh Yang , Raghu Ganti

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been extensively researched and used in both academia and industry since the rise in popularity of the Transformer model, which demonstrates excellent performance in AI. However, the computational demands…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-06 Jiedong Lang , Zhehao Guo , Shuyu Huang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have enabled a variety of real-world applications. The large parameter size of VLMs brings large memory and computation overhead which poses significant challenges for deployment. Post-Training Quantization…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-24 Shiyao Li , Yingchun Hu , Xuefei Ning , Xihui Liu , Ke Hong , Xiaotao Jia , Xiuhong Li , Yaqi Yan , Pei Ran , Guohao Dai , Shengen Yan , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

A natural and intuitive idea in model quantization is to approximate each component's quantized output to match its original. Motivated by this idea, most layer-wise post-training quantization (PTQ) methods focus on weight approximation at…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Li Lin , Xiaojun Wan

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a predominant parameter-efficient finetuning method for adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks. Meanwhile, Compute-in-Memory (CIM) architectures demonstrate superior energy efficiency due to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Taiqiang Wu , Chenchen Ding , Wenyong Zhou , Yuxin Cheng , Xincheng Feng , Shuqi Wang , Wendong Xu , Chufan Shi , Zhengwu Liu , Ngai Wong

Quantization-Aware Training from scratch has emerged as a promising approach for building efficient large language models (LLMs) with extremely low-bit weights (sub 2-bit), which can offer substantial advantages for edge deployment.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Wenzheng Zhang , Bingzheng Liu , Yang Hu , Xiaoying Bai , Wentao Zhang , Bin Cui

Post training quantization is essential for deploying large language models (LLMs) on resource constrained hardware, yet state of the art methods enforce uniform bit widths across layers, yielding suboptimal accuracy efficiency trade offs.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Arpit Singh Gautam , Saurabh Jha

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing tasks. However, their practical application is constrained by substantial memory and computational demands. Post-training quantization (PTQ) is considered an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Chao Zeng , Songwei Liu , Yusheng Xie , Hong Liu , Xiaojian Wang , Miao Wei , Shu Yang , Fangmin Chen , Xing Mei

As large language models (LLMs) demonstrate powerful capabilities, deploying them on edge devices has become increasingly crucial, offering advantages in privacy and real-time interaction. QLoRA has emerged as the standard approach for…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Wenqiang Wang , Yijia Zhang , Zikai Zhang , Guanting Huo , Hao Liang , Shijie Cao , Ningyi Xu

Large language models (LLMs) show excellent performance but are compute- and memory-intensive. Quantization can reduce memory and accelerate inference. However, existing methods cannot maintain accuracy and hardware efficiency at the same…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-03 Guangxuan Xiao , Ji Lin , Mickael Seznec , Hao Wu , Julien Demouth , Song Han

Deploying large language models (LLMs) in resource-constrained environments is hindered by heavy computational and memory requirements. We present LBLLM, a lightweight binarization framework that achieves effective W(1+1)A4 quantization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Siqing Song , Chuang Wang , Yong Lang , Yi Yang , Xu-Yao Zhang