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CLIP models learn transferable multi-modal features via image-text contrastive learning on internet-scale data. They are widely used in zero-shot classification, multi-modal retrieval, text-to-image diffusion, and as image encoders in large…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Marc-Antoine Lavoie , Anas Mahmoud , Aldo Zaimi , Arsene Fansi Tchango , Steven L. Waslander

We consider the problem of accurate sparse fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs), that is, fine-tuning pretrained LLMs on specialized tasks, while inducing sparsity in their weights. On the accuracy side, we observe that standard…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-16 Eldar Kurtic , Denis Kuznedelev , Elias Frantar , Michael Goin , Dan Alistarh

While Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting improves reasoning in large language models (LLMs), the excessive length of reasoning tokens increases latency and KV cache memory usage, and may even truncate final answers under context limits. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Gengyang Li , Yifeng Gao , Yuming Li , Yunfang Wu

This study investigates small-scale pretraining for Small Language Models (SLMs) to enable efficient use of limited data and compute, improve accessibility in low-resource settings and reduce costs. To enhance long-context extrapolation in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Ruizhe Huang , Kexuan Zhang , Yihao Fang , Baifeng Yu

Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their effectiveness in a wide range of applications, they have also been observed to perpetuate unwanted biases present in the training data, potentially leading to harm for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Schrasing Tong , Eliott Zemour , Jessica Lu , Rawisara Lohanimit , Lalana Kagal

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in understanding and generating human language, but efficient inference on resource-constrained embedded devices remains challenging due to large model sizes and…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Weihong Xu , Haein Choi , Po-kai Hsu , Shimeng Yu , Tajana Rosing

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide array of text-centric tasks. However, their `large' scale introduces significant computational and storage challenges, particularly in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-03 Chaoran Zhang , Lixin Zou , Dan Luo , Min Tang , Xiangyang Luo , Zihao Li , Chenliang Li

Inference in diffusion large language models (dLLMs) is computationally expensive, as full self-attention must be repeatedly executed at each step of the denoising process without KV cache. Recent sparse attention methods for dLLMs mitigate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Yanyi Lyu , Letian Chen , Futing Sun , Miao Zhang , Weili Guan , Liqiang Nie

Processing long contexts has become a critical capability for modern large language models (LLMs). However, serving long-context LLMs comes with significant inference costs due to the high memory overhead of the key-value (KV) cache.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Qihui Zhou , Peiqi Yin , Pengfei Zuo , James Cheng

Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) deliver strong long-context processing capability in a non-autoregressive decoding paradigm. However, the considerable computational cost of bidirectional full attention limits the inference…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Lingkun Long , Yushi Huang , Shihao Bai , Ruihao Gong , Jun Zhang , Ao Zhou , Jianlei Yang

Large volumes of text data have contributed significantly to the development of large language models (LLMs) in recent years. This data is typically acquired by scraping the internet, leading to pretraining datasets comprised of noisy web…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-12 Max Marion , Ahmet Üstün , Luiza Pozzobon , Alex Wang , Marzieh Fadaee , Sara Hooker

The Transformer architecture has significantly advanced natural language processing (NLP) and has been foundational in developing large language models (LLMs) such as LLaMA and OPT, which have come to dominate a broad range of NLP tasks.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-03-27 Youpeng Zhao , Di Wu , Jun Wang

Recent advances with large language models (LLM) illustrate their diverse capabilities. We propose a novel algorithm, staged speculative decoding, to accelerate LLM inference in small-batch, on-device scenarios. We address the low…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-08-10 Benjamin Spector , Chris Re

Long-term memory is a cornerstone of human intelligence. Enabling AI to process lifetime-scale information remains a long-standing pursuit in the field. Due to the constraints of full-attention architectures, the effective context length of…

With the wide adoption of language models for IR -- and specifically RAG systems -- the latency of the underlying LLM becomes a crucial bottleneck, since the long contexts of retrieved passages lead large prompts and therefore, compute…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 Cornelius Kummer , Lena Jurkschat , Michael Färber , Sahar Vahdati

Recent work has demonstrated the curse of depth in large language models (LLMs), where later layers contribute less to learning and representation than earlier layers. Such under-utilization is linked to the accumulated growth of variance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Dilxat Muhtar , Xinyuan Song , Sebastian Pokutta , Max Zimmer , Nico Pelleriti , Thomas Hofmann , Shiwei Liu

While many advanced LLMs are designed to handle long sequence data, we can still observe notable quality degradation even within the sequence limit. In this work, we introduce a novel approach called Scaling to Emphasize Attention for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Changhun Lee , Minsang Seok , Jun-gyu Jin , Younghyun Cho , Eunhyeok Park

Information retrieval in Large Language Models (LLMs) is increasingly recognized as intertwined with generation capabilities rather than mere lookup. While longer contexts are often assumed to improve retrieval, the effects of intra-context…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-01 Chupei Wang , Jiaqiu Vince Sun

In recent years, the success of large language models (LLMs) has driven the exploration of scaling laws in recommender systems. However, models that demonstrate scaling laws are actually challenging to deploy in industrial settings for…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Weijiang Lai , Beihong Jin , Di Zhang , Siru Chen , Jiongyan Zhang , Yuhang Gou , Jian Dong , Xingxing Wang

Large language models (LLMs) face significant challenges in processing long contexts due to the linear growth of the key-value (KV) cache and quadratic complexity of self-attention. Existing approaches address these bottlenecks separately:…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Zeng You , Yaofo Chen , Qiuwu Chen , Ying Sun , Shuhai Zhang , Yingjian Li , Yaowei Wang , Mingkui Tan