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The amount of information stored in the form of documents on the internet has been increasing rapidly. Thus it has become a necessity to organize and maintain these documents in an optimum manner. Text classification algorithms study the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-02-22 Vedangi Wagh , Snehal Khandve , Isha Joshi , Apurva Wani , Geetanjali Kale , Raviraj Joshi

In legal matters, text classification models are most often used to filter through large datasets in search of documents that meet certain pre-selected criteria like relevance to a certain subject matter, such as legally privileged…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-12-10 Keith Huffman , Jianping Zhang , Nathaniel Huber-Fliflet , Fusheng Wei , Peter Gronvall

One major drawback of state of the art Neural Networks (NN)-based approaches for document classification purposes is the large number of training samples required to obtain an efficient classification. The minimum required number is around…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-07-16 Joris Voerman , Aurelie Joseph , Mickael Coustaty , Vincent Poulain d Andecy , Jean-Marc Ogier

Metrics like FactScore and VeriScore that evaluate long-form factuality operate by decomposing an input response into atomic claims and then individually verifying each claim. While effective and interpretable, these methods incur numerous…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Rishanth Rajendhran , Amir Zadeh , Matthew Sarte , Chuan Li , Mohit Iyyer

Text classification algorithms investigate the intricate relationships between words or phrases and attempt to deduce the document's interpretation. In the last few years, these algorithms have progressed tremendously. Transformer…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-06-28 Snehal Khandve , Vedangi Wagh , Apurva Wani , Isha Joshi , Raviraj Joshi

Companies regularly spend millions of dollars producing electronically-stored documents in legal matters. Recently, parties on both sides of the 'legal aisle' are accepting the use of machine learning techniques like text classification to…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2019-12-23 Christian J. Mahoney , Jianping Zhang , Nathaniel Huber-Fliflet , Peter Gronvall , Haozhen Zhao

The objective of this paper is to develop predictive models to classify Brazilian legal proceedings in three possible classes of status: (i) archived proceedings, (ii) active proceedings, and (iii) suspended proceedings. This problem's…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-24 Felipe Maia Polo , Itamar Ciochetti , Emerson Bertolo

Recognizing events and their coreferential mentions in a document is essential for understanding semantic meanings of text. The existing research on event coreference resolution is mostly limited to news articles. In this paper, we present…

This paper conducts a comparative study on the performance of various machine learning (``ML'') approaches for classifying judgments into legal areas. Using a novel dataset of 6,227 Singapore Supreme Court judgments, we investigate how…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-04-16 Jerrold Soh Tsin Howe , Lim How Khang , Ian Ernst Chai

The growing complexity of legal cases has lead to an increasing interest in legal information retrieval systems that can effectively satisfy user-specific information needs. However, such downstream systems typically require documents to be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-05-18 Dennis Aumiller , Satya Almasian , Sebastian Lackner , Michael Gertz

Research has shown that Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) can be effectively applied to text classification as part of a predictive coding protocol. That said, most research to date has been conducted on data sets with short documents…

The quality of machine learning models depends heavily on their training data. Selecting high-quality, diverse training sets for large language models (LLMs) is a difficult task, due to the lack of cheap and reliable quality metrics. While…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Robert Istvan Busa-Fekete , Julian Zimmert , Anne Xiangyi Zheng , Claudio Gentile , Andras Gyorgy

In this paper, we explore legal argument mining using multiple levels of granularity. Argument mining has usually been conceptualized as a sentence classification problem. In this work, we conceptualize argument mining as a token-level…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-20 Huihui Xu , Kevin Ashley

Legal artificial intelligence (LegalAI) aims to benefit legal systems with the technology of artificial intelligence, especially natural language processing (NLP). Recently, inspired by the success of pre-trained language models (PLMs) in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-05-11 Chaojun Xiao , Xueyu Hu , Zhiyuan Liu , Cunchao Tu , Maosong Sun

US corporations regularly spend millions of dollars reviewing electronically-stored documents in legal matters. Recently, attorneys apply text classification to efficiently cull massive volumes of data to identify responsive documents for…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-11-16 Christian Mahoney , Peter Gronvall , Nathaniel Huber-Fliflet , Jianping Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are commonly trained on datasets consisting of fixed-length token sequences. These datasets are created by randomly concatenating documents of various lengths and then chunking them into sequences of a…

The recent literature in text classification is biased towards short text sequences (e.g., sentences or paragraphs). In real-world applications, multi-page multi-paragraph documents are common and they cannot be efficiently encoded by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-26 Xiang Dai , Ilias Chalkidis , Sune Darkner , Desmond Elliott

In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) to legal documents. The use of convolutional and recurrent neural networks along with word embedding techniques have presented…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2020-11-06 Mariana Y. Noguti , Eduardo Vellasques , Luiz S. Oliveira

We present a comprehensive approach to the automated formalization of legal texts using large language models (LLMs), targeting their transformation into Defeasible Deontic Logic (DDL). Our method employs a structured pipeline that segments…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Elias Horner , Cristinel Mateis , Guido Governatori , Agata Ciabattoni

We consider Large-Scale Multi-Label Text Classification (LMTC) in the legal domain. We release a new dataset of 57k legislative documents from EURLEX, annotated with ~4.3k EUROVOC labels, which is suitable for LMTC, few- and zero-shot…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-06-07 Ilias Chalkidis , Manos Fergadiotis , Prodromos Malakasiotis , Ion Androutsopoulos