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SQL/PGQ and GQL are very recent international standards for querying property graphs: SQL/PGQ specifies how to query relational representations of property graphs in SQL, while GQL is a standalone language for graph databases. The rapid…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2024-09-05 Amélie Gheerbrant , Leonid Libkin , Liat Peterfreund , Alexandra Rogova

Graph databases are gaining momentum thanks to the flexibility and expressiveness of their data models and query languages. A standardization activity driven by the ISO/IEC standardization body is also ongoing and has already conducted to…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Renzo Angles , Angela Bonifati , Roberto García , Domagoj Vrgoč

The development of practical query languages for graph databases runs well ahead of the underlying theory. The ISO committee in charge of database query languages is currently developing a new standard called Graph Query Language (GQL) as…

GQL has recently emerged as the standard query language over graph databases (particularly, the property graph model). Indeed, this is analogous to the role of SQL for relational databases. Unlike SQL, however, fundamental problems…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Diego Figueira , Anthony W. Lin , Liat Peterfreund

As graph databases become widespread, JTC1 -- the committee in joint charge of information technology standards for the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) -- has…

Mining information from graph databases is becoming overly important. To approach this problem, current methods focus on identifying subgraphs with specific topologies; as of today, no work has been dedicated to jointly expressing the…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-07-16 Francesco Cambria , Francesco Invernici , Anna Bernasconi , Stefano Ceri

Despite the maturity of commercial graph databases, little consensus has been reached so far on the standardization of data definition languages (DDLs) for property graphs (PG). The discussion on the characteristics of PG schemas is ongoing…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2019-02-19 Angela Bonifati , Peter Furniss , Alastair Green , Russ Harmer , Eugenia Oshurko , Hannes Voigt

The ISO standard Property Graph model has become increasingly popular for representing complex, interconnected data. However, it lacks native support for querying metadata and reification, which limits its abilities to deal with the demands…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Sepehr Sadoughi , Nikolay Yakovets , George Fletcher

SQL/PGQ is the emerging ISO standard for querying property graphs defined as views over relational data. We formalize its expressive power across three fragments: the read-only core, the read-write extension, and an extended variant with…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-10-09 Hadar Rotschield , Liat Peterfreund

This paper reviews the changes for database technology represented by the current development of the draft international standard ISO 39075 (Database Languages - GQL), which seeks a unified specification for property graphs and knowledge…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2024-07-09 Malcolm Crowe , Fritz Laux

Querying graph databases has recently received much attention. We propose a new approach to this problem, which balances competing goals of expressive power, language clarity and computational complexity. A distinctive feature of our…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2017-10-13 Jakub Michaliszyn , Jan Otop , Piotr Wieczorek

In spite of the extensive literature on graph databases (GDBs), temporal GDBs have not received too much attention so far. Temporal GBDs can capture, for example, the evolution of social networks across time, a relevant topic in data…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2016-05-03 Alexander Campos , Jorge Mozzino , Alejandro Vaisman

Path queries are a core feature of modern graph query languages such as Cypher, SQL/PGQ, and GQL. These languages provide a rich set of features for matching paths, such as restricting to certain path modes (shortest, simple, trail) and…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-06-09 Benjamín Farías , Wim Martens , Carlos Rojas , Domagoj Vrgoč

The ability to efficiently find relevant subgraphs and paths in a large graph to a given query is important in many applications including scientific data analysis, social networks, and business intelligence. Currently, there is little…

Validation of compliance rules against process data is a fundamental functionality for business process management. Over the years, the problem has been addressed for different types of process data, i.e., process models, process event data…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2022-06-22 Nesma M. Zaki , Iman M. A. Helal , Ahmed Awad , Ehab E. Hassanein

Graph databases are emerging as the leading data management technology for storing large knowledge graphs; significant efforts are ongoing to produce new standards (such as the Graph Query Language, GQL), as well as enrich them with…

In this paper, we study a declarative framework for specifying transformations of property graphs. In order to express such transformations, we leverage queries formulated in the Graph Pattern Calculus (GPC), which is an abstraction of the…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Angela Bonifati , Filip Murlak , Yann Ramusat

This paper presents a formalism for defining properties of paths in graph databases, which can be used to restrict the number of solutions to navigational queries. In particular, our formalism allows us to define quantitative properties…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Fernando Orejas , Elvira Pino , Renzo Angles , Edelmira Pasarella , Nikos Milonakis

While current tasks of converting natural language to SQL (NL2SQL) using Foundation Models have shown impressive achievements, adapting these approaches for converting natural language to Graph Query Language (NL2GQL) encounters hurdles due…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Yuhang Zhou , Yu He , Siyu Tian , Yuchen Ni , Zhangyue Yin , Xiang Liu , Chuanjun Ji , Sen Liu , Xipeng Qiu , Guangnan Ye , Hongfeng Chai

We survey foundational features underlying modern graph query languages. We first discuss two popular graph data models: edge-labelled graphs, where nodes are connected by directed, labelled edges; and property graphs, where nodes and edges…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2017-06-19 Renzo Angles , Marcelo Arenas , Pablo Barcelo , Aidan Hogan , Juan Reutter , Domagoj Vrgoc
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