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Reliably modeling normality and differentiating abnormal appearances from normal cases is a very appealing approach for detecting pathologies in medical images. A plethora of such unsupervised anomaly detection approaches has been made in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-04-19 Christoph Baur , Benedikt Wiestler , Shadi Albarqouni , Nassir Navab

Supervised deep learning techniques show promise in medical image analysis. However, they require comprehensive annotated data sets, which poses challenges, particularly for rare diseases. Consequently, unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD)…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-03-22 Finn Behrendt , Debayan Bhattacharya , Lennart Maack , Julia Krüger , Roland Opfer , Robin Mieling , Alexander Schlaefer

Pathological anomalies exhibit diverse appearances in medical imaging, making it difficult to collect and annotate a representative amount of data required to train deep learning models in a supervised setting. Therefore, in this work, we…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-07-18 Mariana-Iuliana Georgescu

Addressing missing modalities presents a critical challenge in multimodal learning. Current approaches focus on developing models that can handle modality-incomplete inputs during inference, assuming that the full set of modalities are…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Yunpeng Zhao , Cheng Chen , Qing You Pang , Quanzheng Li , Carol Tang , Beng-Ti Ang , Yueming Jin

Unsupervised anomaly segmentation aims to detect patterns that are distinct from any patterns processed during training, commonly called abnormal or out-of-distribution patterns, without providing any associated manual segmentations. Since…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-11-06 Ziyun Liang , Harry Anthony , Felix Wagner , Konstantinos Kamnitsas

Anomaly detection (AD) is a machine learning task that identifies anomalies by learning patterns from normal training data. In many real-world scenarios, anomalies vary in severity, from minor anomalies with little risk to severe…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-25 Tri Cao , Minh-Huy Trinh , Ailin Deng , Quoc-Nam Nguyen , Khoa Duong , Ngai-Man Cheung , Bryan Hooi

Anomaly detection is a critical task across numerous domains and modalities, yet existing methods are often highly specialized, limiting their generalizability. These specialized models, tailored for specific anomaly types like textural…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Zhaopeng Gu , Bingke Zhu , Guibo Zhu , Yingying Chen , Wei Ge , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Anomaly detection (AD) is essential for industrial inspection and medical diagnosis, yet existing methods typically rely on ``comparing'' test images to normal references from a training set. However, variations in appearance and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Wei Luo , Haiming Yao , Yunkang Cao , Qiyu Chen , Ang Gao , Weiming Shen , Wenyong Yu

The core challenge in unsupervised anomaly detection is identifying abnormal patterns without prior knowledge of their characteristics. While existing methods have addressed aspects of this problem, they often struggle to learn a robust…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Prithul Sarker , Sushmita Sarker , Nicholas G. Murray , Alireza Tavakkoli

In the progress of industrial anomaly detection, general anomaly detection (GAD) is an emerging trend and also the ultimate goal. Unlike the conventional single- and multi-class AD, general AD aims to train a general AD model that can…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Xincheng Yao , Zefeng Qian , Chao Shi , Jiayang Song , Chongyang Zhang

Anomaly detection (AD) is the machine learning task of identifying highly discrepant abnormal samples by solely relying on the consistency of the normal training samples. Under the constraints of a distribution shift, the assumption that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-25 João B. S. Carvalho , Mengtao Zhang , Robin Geyer , Carlos Cotrini , Joachim M. Buhmann

The wide variety of in-distribution and out-of-distribution data in medical imaging makes universal anomaly detection a challenging task. Recently a number of self-supervised methods have been developed that train end-to-end models on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-09-05 Matthew Baugh , Jeremy Tan , Athanasios Vlontzos , Johanna P. Müller , Bernhard Kainz

In the advancement of industrial informatization, unsupervised anomaly detection technology effectively overcomes the scarcity of abnormal samples and significantly enhances the automation and reliability of smart manufacturing. As an…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-24 Yuxuan Lin , Yang Chang , Xuan Tong , Jiawen Yu , Antonio Liotta , Guofan Huang , Wei Song , Deyu Zeng , Zongze Wu , Yan Wang , Wenqiang Zhang

Accurate brain tumor segmentation is essential for preoperative evaluation and personalized treatment. Multi-modal MRI is widely used due to its ability to capture complementary tumor features across different sequences. However, in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Shenghao Zhu , Yifei Chen , Weihong Chen , Shuo Jiang , Guanyu Zhou , Yuanhan Wang , Feiwei Qin , Changmiao Wang , Qiyuan Tian

Anomaly detection and classification in medical imaging are critical for early diagnosis but remain challenging due to limited annotated data, class imbalance, and the high cost of expert labeling. Emerging vision foundation models such as…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-09-17 Fazle Rafsani , Jay Shah , Catherine D. Chong , Todd J. Schwedt , Teresa Wu

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) methods rely on healthy data distributions to identify anomalies as outliers. In brain MRI, a common approach is reconstruction-based UAD, where generative models reconstruct healthy brain MRIs, and…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-07-18 Finn Behrendt , Debayan Bhattacharya , Robin Mieling , Lennart Maack , Julia Krüger , Roland Opfer , Alexander Schlaefer

Traditional brain lesion segmentation models for multi-modal MRI are typically tailored to specific pathologies, relying on datasets with predefined modalities. Adapting to new MRI modalities or pathologies often requires training separate…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-07-25 Yousef Sadegheih , Pratibha Kumari , Dorit Merhof

Anomaly detection (AD) is essential for industrial inspection, yet existing methods typically rely on ``comparing'' test images to normal references from a training set. However, variations in appearance and positioning often complicate the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-02 Wei Luo , Yunkang Cao , Haiming Yao , Xiaotian Zhang , Jianan Lou , Yuqi Cheng , Weiming Shen , Wenyong Yu

Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection (ZSAD) seeks to identify anomalies from arbitrary novel categories, offering a scalable and annotation-efficient solution. Traditionally, most ZSAD works have been based on the CLIP model, which performs anomaly…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Jingyi Yuan , Jianxiong Ye , Wenkang Chen , Chenqiang Gao

Zero-shot 3D anomaly detection aims to identify anomalies without access to training data from target categories. However, existing methods mainly rely on projecting 3D observations into multi-view representations that primarily capture…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Letian Bai , Xuanming Cao , Juan Du , Chengyu Tao