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The rapid adoption of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures marks a major shift in the deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs). MoE LLMs improve scaling efficiency by activating only a small subset of parameters per token, but their…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Jona te Lintelo , Lichao Wu , Stjepan Picek

By introducing routers to selectively activate experts in Transformer layers, the mixture-of-experts (MoE) architecture significantly reduces computational costs in large language models (LLMs) while maintaining competitive performance,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Yukun Jiang , Hai Huang , Mingjie Li , Yage Zhang , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Safety alignment is critical for the responsible deployment of large language models (LLMs). As Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures are increasingly adopted to scale model capacity, understanding their safety robustness becomes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Zhiyuan Xu , Joseph Gardiner , Sana Belguith , Lichao Wu

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have emerged as a leading paradigm for scaling large language models through sparse, routing-based computation. However, this design introduces a new attack surface: the routing mechanism that…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Zekun Fei , Zihao Wang , Weijie Liu , Ruiqi He , Jianing Geng , Zheli Liu , XiaoFeng Wang

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has led to the adoption of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures that dynamically leverage specialized subnetworks for improved efficiency and performance. Despite their benefits, MoE…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Ruisi Cai , Yeonju Ro , Geon-Woo Kim , Peihao Wang , Babak Ehteshami Bejnordi , Aditya Akella , Zhangyang Wang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have become the dominant choice for scaling Large Language Models (LLMs), activating only a subset of parameters per token. While MoE architectures are primarily adopted for computational efficiency,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Jeremy Herbst , Stefan Wermter , Jae Hee Lee

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) have emerged as a powerful architecture for large language models (LLMs), enabling efficient scaling of model capacity while maintaining manageable computational costs. The key advantage lies in their ability to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-30 Qingyue Wang , Qi Pang , Xixun Lin , Shuai Wang , Daoyuan Wu

The transformer architecture has become a cornerstone of modern AI, fueling remarkable progress across applications in natural language processing, computer vision, and multimodal learning. As these models continue to scale explosively for…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-22 Ruyi Ding , Tianhong Xu , Xinyi Shen , Aidong Adam Ding , Yunsi Fei

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have become the key to scaling modern LLMs, yet little is understood about how their sparse routing dynamics respond to multilingual data. In this work, we analyze expert routing patterns using…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Lucas Bandarkar , Chenyuan Yang , Mohsen Fayyaz , Junlin Hu , Nanyun Peng

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in diverse applications underscores the pressing need for robust security measures to thwart potential jailbreak attacks. These attacks exploit vulnerabilities within LLMs, endanger data…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Giandomenico Cornacchia , Giulio Zizzo , Kieran Fraser , Muhammad Zaid Hameed , Ambrish Rawat , Mark Purcell

As the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) continue to expand, aligning these models with human values remains a significant challenge. Recent studies show that reasoning abilities contribute significantly to model safety, while…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Zhili Liu , Yunhao Gou , Kai Chen , Lanqing Hong , Jiahui Gao , Fei Mi , Yu Zhang , Zhenguo Li , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu , James T. Kwok

Optimizing various wireless user tasks poses a significant challenge for networking systems because of the expanding range of user requirements. Despite advancements in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), the need for customized optimization…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-02-16 Hongyang Du , Guangyuan Liu , Yijing Lin , Dusit Niyato , Jiawen Kang , Zehui Xiong , Dong In Kim

The scaling of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized their capabilities in various tasks, yet this growth must be matched with efficient computational strategies. The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture stands out for its…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-20 Zihan Qiu , Zeyu Huang , Shuang Cheng , Yizhi Zhou , Zili Wang , Ivan Titov , Jie Fu

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) in Large Language Models (LLMs) routes each token through a subset of specialized Feed-Forward Networks (FFN), known as experts. We present SteerMoE, a framework to steer MoE models by detecting and controlling…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has gained increasing popularity as a promising framework for scaling up large language models (LLMs). However, the reliability assessment of MoE lags behind its surging applications. Moreover, when transferred to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Guanjie Chen , Xinyu Zhao , Tianlong Chen , Yu Cheng

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) effectively scales model capacity while preserving computational efficiency through sparse expert activation. However, training high-quality MoEs from scratch is prohibitively expensive. A promising alternative is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-18 Ziyu Zhao , Tong Zhu , Zhi Zhang , Tiantian Fan , Jinluan Yang , Kun Kuang , Zhongyu Wei , Fei Wu , Yu Cheng

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture is a cornerstone of modern state-of-the-art (SOTA) large language models (LLMs). MoE models facilitate scalability by enabling sparse parameter activation. However, traditional MoE architecture uses…

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture in large language models, highlighting its ability to significantly enhance model performance while maintaining minimal computational overhead. Through…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-24 Danyang Zhang , Junhao Song , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Yingfang Yuan , Tianyang Wang , Joe Yeong , Junfeng Hao

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture has enabled the creation of massive yet efficient Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the standard deterministic routing mechanism presents a significant limitation: its inherent brittleness is a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Albus Yizhuo Li

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have shown strong multilingual capabilities, yet the internal mechanisms underlying performance gains and cross-language differences remain insufficiently understood. In this work, we conduct a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Yuxin Chen , Zhengzhou Cai , Xiangtian Ji , Weixiang Zhao , An Zhang , Xiang Wang , Tat-Seng Chua
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