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In the traditional cascading architecture for spoken language understanding (SLU), it has been observed that automatic speech recognition errors could be detrimental to the performance of natural language understanding. End-to-end (E2E) SLU…

Language identification greatly impacts the success of downstream tasks such as automatic speech recognition. Recently, self-supervised speech representations learned by wav2vec 2.0 have been shown to be very effective for a range of speech…

Current self-supervised learning algorithms are often modality-specific and require large amounts of computational resources. To address these issues, we increase the training efficiency of data2vec, a learning objective that generalizes…

The Sparsespeech model is an unsupervised acoustic model that can generate discrete pseudo-labels for untranscribed speech. We extend the Sparsespeech model to allow for sampling over a random discrete variable, yielding…

Speech modeling methods learn one embedding for a fixed segment of speech, typically in between 10-25 ms. The information present in speech can be divided into two categories: "what is being said" (content) and "how it is expressed" (other)…

Since the first speech recognition systems were built more than 30 years ago, improvement in voice technology has enabled applications such as smart assistants and automated customer support. However, conversation intelligence of the future…

Self-training (ST), or pseudo-labeling has sparked significant interest in the automatic speech recognition (ASR) community recently because of its success in harnessing unlabeled data. Unlike prior semi-supervised learning approaches that…

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is widely used in consumer electronics. ASR greatly improves the utility and accessibility of technology, but usually the output is only word sequences without punctuation. This can result in ambiguity in…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) models have become crucial in speech processing, with recent advancements concentrating on developing architectures that capture representations across multiple timescales. The primary goal of these…

Pre-trained speech language models such as HuBERT and WavLM leverage unlabeled speech data for self-supervised learning and offer powerful representations for numerous downstream tasks. Despite the success of these models, their high…

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has made great strides recently. SSL speech models achieve decent performance on a wide range of downstream tasks, suggesting that they extract different aspects of information from speech. However, how SSL…

Transformers, which were originally developed for natural language processing, have recently generated significant interest in the computer vision and audio communities due to their flexibility in learning long-range relationships.…

Recent advancements in speech large language models (SpeechLLMs) have attracted considerable attention. Nonetheless, current methods exhibit suboptimal performance in adhering to speech instructions. Notably, the intelligence of models…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods have proven to be very successful in automatic speech recognition (ASR). These great improvements have been reported mostly based on highly curated datasets such as LibriSpeech for non-streaming…

Understanding how speech foundation models capture non-verbal cues is crucial for improving their interpretability and adaptability across diverse tasks. In our work, we analyze several prominent models such as Whisper, Seamless, Wav2Vec,…

In recent years, a significant number of high-quality pretrained models have emerged, greatly impacting Natural Language Understanding (NLU), Natural Language Generation (NLG), and Text Representation tasks. Traditionally, these models are…

Recently, neural networks based purely on self-attention, such as the Vision Transformer (ViT), have been shown to outperform deep learning models constructed with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on various vision tasks, thus extending…

Much recent work on Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) falls short in at least one of three ways: models were trained on oracle text input and neglected the Automatics Speech Recognition (ASR) outputs, models were trained to predict only…

Training large language models with reinforcement learning (RL) against verifiable rewards significantly enhances their reasoning abilities, yet remains computationally expensive due to inefficient uniform prompt sampling. We introduce…

As one of the most popular sequence-to-sequence modeling approaches for speech recognition, the RNN-Transducer has achieved evolving performance with more and more sophisticated neural network models of growing size and increasing training…