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We briefly review the phenomenon of long secondary periods (LSPs) in red giants, and the LSP variable stars classification introduced in the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) variable star catalog; they are red giant Long…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-12-13 John R. Percy , Mayank H. Shenoy

Long secondary periods (LSPs), observed in a third of pulsating red giant stars, are the only unexplained type of large-amplitude stellar variability known at this time. Here we show that this phenomenon is a manifestation of a substellar…

Long secondary periods (LSPs), observed in a third of pulsating red giant and supergiant stars, are the only unexplained type of large-amplitude stellar variability known at this time. Numerous authors have explored various scenarios for…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-04-07 I. Soszyński

30$\%$--50$\%$ of the luminous pulsating red-giant stars show light variations of a longer period than the pulsation periods. Those periods are called long secondary periods (LSP). There has been debated for many years but the origin of the…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-01-08 Masaki Takayama

The aim of this work is to create a complete list of sources exhibiting a long secondary period (LSP) in the ASAS-SN catalog of variable stars, and analyze the properties of this sample compared to other long period variables without LSP.…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-11-09 Michal Pawlak , Michele Trabucchi , Laurent Eyer , Nami Mowlavi

We present a study of a sample of LMC red giants exhibiting Long Secondary Periods (LSPs). We use radial velocities obtained from VLT spectral observations and MACHO and OGLE light curves to examine properties of the stars and to evaluate…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-13 C. P. Nicholls , P. R. Wood , M. -R. L. Cioni , I. Soszyński

The origin of long secondary periods (LSPs) in red giant variables is unknown. We investigate whether stellar pulsations in red giants can explain the properties of the LSP variability. VIJHKs light curves obtained by OGLE and the…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-01-08 Masaki Takayama , Yoshifusa Ita

Roughly 30% of variable AGB stars show a Long Secondary Period, or LSP. These LSPs have posed something of a problem in recent years and their cause remains a mystery. By combining VLT-derived velocity curves with MACHO and OGLE light…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2012-01-06 C. P. Nicholls

We have used AAVSO visual and photoelectric V data, and the AAVSO time-series package VSTAR and the Lomb-Scargle time-series algorithm to determine improved pulsation periods, "long secondary periods" (LSPs). and their amplitudes in 51…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-11-11 John R. Percy , Henry Leung

Observational arguments supporting the binary explanation of the long secondary periods (LSP) phenomenon in red giants are presented. Photometry of about 1200 semiregular variables with the LSP in the Large Magellanic Cloud are analyzed…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-02-11 I. Soszynski

The origin of the long secondary periods (LSPs) in red variables remains a mystery up to now, although there exist many models. The light curves of some LSPs stars mimic an eclipsing binary with a pulsating red giant component. To test this…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-18 J. D. Nie , X. B. Zhang , B. W. Jiang

Long secondary periods (LSPs) occur in about one-third of evolved stars, yet their origin remains unclear. The leading explanations are oscillatory convective modes and a binary companion embedded in dust. We investigate the LSP of the red…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-01-21 B. Courtney-Barrer , X. Haubois , P. Wood , D. Dionese , L. Decin , C. Paladini , I. El Mellah , D. Defrère , M. Ireland

We have used systematic, sustained visual observations from the AAVSO International Database, and the AAVSO time-series analysis package VSTAR to study the unexplained "long secondary periods" (LSPs) in 27 pulsating red giants. In our…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-07-25 John R. Percy , Emily Deibert

Long-period variables (LPVs) are evolved red giant and supergiant stars whose pulsations provide unique insights into late stages of stellar evolution and serve as essential tools in modern astrophysics. Their period-luminosity and…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-01-29 Dorota M. Skowron , Igor Soszyński

We present a study of OGLE light curves of red giant stars exhibiting long secondary periods (LSPs) - an enigmatic phenomenon commonly observed in stars on the upper red giant branch and asymptotic giant branch. We show that the light…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-19 I. Soszynski , A. Udalski

Long-period variables are bright, evolved red giant stars showing periodic photometric changes due to stellar pulsation. They follow one or more period-luminosity and period-age relations, which make them highly promising distance…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-11-20 Michele Trabucchi

The mechanism behind the Long Secondary Period (LSP) observed in pulsating red giants still remains unknown. In this work, I investigate the connection between the Red Giant Branch and Asymptotic Giant Branch evolution and the appearance of…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-06-02 Michał Pawlak

At least a third of red giants show a long secondary period (LSP), 5 to 10 times longer than the pulsation period. There is strong evidence that the LSP is caused by eclipses of the red giant by a dust-enshrouded low-mass companion. We have…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-03-05 John Percy , Melanie Szpigiel

Approximately one-third of luminous pulsating red giant stars exhibit long secondary periods (LSPs): stable photometric variability with periods of several months to years in addition to their much shorter primary pulsation cycles. Now…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-04-14 Cheyanne Shariat , Kareem El-Badry , Morgan MacLeod , Emily Leiner

[abbreviated] Long Secondary Periods (LSPs) are observed in about one third of pulsating red giants yet remain unexplained. Four key observational constraints anchor the discussion: (i) a roughly 30 percent occurrence rate in semi-regular…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-11-26 Leen Decin , Owen Vermeulen , Mats Esseldeurs , Florian Driessen , Camille Landri , Davide Dionese , Lionel Siess , Dorota M. Skowron
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