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When deploying deep learning technology in self-driving cars, deep neural networks are constantly exposed to domain shifts. These include, e.g., changes in weather conditions, time of day, and long-term temporal shift. In this work we…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-05-15 Philipp Oberdiek , Matthias Rottmann , Gernot A. Fink

Deep neural networks are susceptible to generating overconfident yet erroneous predictions when presented with data beyond known concepts. This challenge underscores the importance of detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples in the open…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-31 Yiye Chen , Yunzhi Lin , Ruinian Xu , Patricio A. Vela

Despite graph neural networks' (GNNs) great success in modelling graph-structured data, out-of-distribution (OOD) test instances still pose a great challenge for current GNNs. One of the most effective techniques to detect OOD nodes is to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-11 Danny Wang , Ruihong Qiu , Guangdong Bai , Zi Huang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is critical for identifying test samples that deviate from in-distribution (ID) data, ensuring network robustness and reliability. This paper presents a flexible framework for OOD knowledge distillation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-30 Zhilin Zhao , Longbing Cao , Yixuan Zhang , Kun-Yu Lin , Wei-Shi Zheng

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection is critical for the reliable operation of open-world intelligent systems. Despite the emergence of an increasing number of OOD detection methods, the evaluation inconsistencies present challenges for…

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and reliability of deep neural networks in various applications. While there has been a growing focus on OOD detection in visual data, the field of textual OOD…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-10 Li-Ming Zhan , Bo Liu , Xiao-Ming Wu

Internet of Things (IoT) defines a network of devices connected to the internet and sharing a massive amount of data between each other and a central location. These IoT devices are connected to a network therefore prone to attacks. Various…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2021-11-16 Muhammad Basit Umair , Zeshan Iqbal , Muhammad Bilal , Tarik Adnan Almohamad , Jamel Nebhen , Raja Majid Mehmood

With the growing significance of network security, the classification of encrypted traffic has emerged as an urgent challenge. Traditional byte-based traffic analysis methods are constrained by the rigid granularity of information and fail…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-08 Haozhen Zhang , Haodong Yue , Xi Xiao , Le Yu , Qing Li , Zhen Ling , Ye Zhang

Encrypted traffic classification technology is a crucial decision-making information source for network management and security protection. It has the advantages of excellent response timeliness, large-scale data bearing, and…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-01-09 Zihan Chen , Guang Cheng , Jinhui Li , Tian Qin , Yuyang Zhou , Xing Luan

Deep neural networks are increasingly used in a wide range of technologies and services, but remain highly susceptible to out-of-distribution (OOD) samples, that is, drawn from a different distribution than the original training set. A…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-17 Pietro Recalcati , Fabio Garcea , Luca Piano , Fabrizio Lamberti , Lia Morra

A key feature of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is to exploit a trained neural network by extracting statistical patterns and relationships through the multi-layer classifier to detect shifts in the expected input data distribution.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-07 Eduardo Dadalto , Pierre Colombo , Guillaume Staerman , Nathan Noiry , Pablo Piantanida

In a clinical setting it is essential that deployed image processing systems are robust to the full range of inputs they might encounter and, in particular, do not make confidently wrong predictions. The most popular approach to safe…

Multimodal intent understanding is a significant research area that requires effective leveraging of multiple modalities to analyze human language. Existing methods face two main challenges in this domain. Firstly, they have limitations in…

多媒体 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Hanlei Zhang , Qianrui Zhou , Hua Xu , Jianhua Su , Roberto Evans , Kai Gao

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) data is crucial for ensuring the safe deployment of machine learning models in real-world applications. However, existing OOD detection approaches primarily rely on the feature maps or the full gradient…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-02 Sima Behpour , Thang Doan , Xin Li , Wenbin He , Liang Gou , Liu Ren

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection attempts to distinguish outlier samples to prevent models trained on the in-distribution (ID) dataset from producing unavailable outputs. Most OOD detection methods require many IID samples for training,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Xiang Fang , Arvind Easwaran , Blaise Genest

Current out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods typically assume balanced in-distribution (ID) data, while most real-world data follow a long-tailed distribution. Previous approaches to long-tailed OOD detection often involve balancing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Yina He , Lei Peng , Yongcun Zhang , Juanjuan Weng , Zhiming Luo , Shaozi Li

Encrypted traffic classification is the task of identifying the application or service associated with encrypted network traffic. One effective approach for this task is to use deep learning methods to encode the raw traffic bytes directly…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-07 Wei Peng , Lei Cui , Wei Cai , Zhenquan Ding , Zhiyu Hao , Xiaochun Yun

Deep learning models are increasingly deployed in safety-critical applications, where reliable out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential to ensure robustness. Existing methods predominantly rely on the penultimate-layer activations…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Shreen Gul , Mohamed Elmahallawy , Ardhendu Tripathy , Sanjay Madria

Graph neural networks are widely used for node classification, but they remain vulnerable to out-of-distribution (OOD) shifts in node features and graph structure. Prior work established that methods trained with standard supervised…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Danny Wang , Ruihong Qiu , Zi Huang

Few-shot out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to detect OOD images from unseen classes with only a few labeled in-distribution (ID) images. To detect OOD images and classify ID samples, prior methods have been proposed by regarding the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-26 Baoshun Tong , Kaiyu Song , Hanjiang Lai