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Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable versatility and adaptability, while their widespread adoption across various applications also raises critical safety concerns. This paper focuses on the impact of backdoored LLMs.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Jiyang Qiu , Xinbei Ma , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao , Yun Li , Qianren Wang

A Comparison of Independent and Joint Fine-tuning Strategies for Retrieval-Augmented Generation Download PDF Neal Gregory Lawton, Alfy Samuel, Anoop Kumar, Daben Liu Published: 20 Aug 2025, Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) is a popular…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Neal Gregory Lawton , Alfy Samuel , Anoop Kumar , Daben Liu

Deep learning models have been developed for a variety of tasks and are deployed every day to work in real conditions. Some of these tasks are critical and models need to be trusted and safe, e.g. military communications or cancer…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-13 Hélion du Mas des Bourboux

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been empirically shown to enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) in knowledge-intensive domains such as healthcare, finance, and legal contexts. Given a query, RAG retrieves relevant…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Xun Xian , Ganghua Wang , Xuan Bi , Jayanth Srinivasa , Ashish Kundu , Charles Fleming , Mingyi Hong , Jie Ding

Deep learning (DL) techniques have achieved significant success in various software engineering tasks (e.g., code completion by Copilot). However, DL systems are prone to bugs from many sources, including training data. Existing literature…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Mehil B Shah , Mohammad Masudur Rahman , Foutse Khomh

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a key paradigm for enhancing large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge. However, current RAG methods face two limitations: (1) they only cover limited RAG scenarios.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 Wanlong Liu , Junying Chen , Ke Ji , Li Zhou , Wenyu Chen , Benyou Wang

Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT demonstrate the remarkable progress of artificial intelligence. However, their tendency to hallucinate -- generate plausible but false information -- poses a significant challenge. This issue is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-13 Philip Feldman , James R. Foulds , Shimei Pan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by retrieving relevant documents from external sources to improve factual accuracy and verifiability. However, this reliance introduces new attack surfaces within…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Saket S. Chaturvedi , Gaurav Bagwe , Lan Zhang , Xiaoyong Yuan

Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) innovations are being introduced at such a rapid pace that model owners and evaluators are hard-pressed analyzing and studying them. This is exacerbated by the complicated procedures for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-26 Abdul Dakkak , Cheng Li , Jinjun Xiong , Wen-Mei Hwu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers a cost-effective approach to injecting real-time knowledge into large language models (LLMs). Nevertheless, constructing and validating high-quality knowledge repositories require considerable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-28 Xun Liang , Simin Niu , Zhiyu li , Sensen Zhang , Shichao Song , Hanyu Wang , Jiawei Yang , Feiyu Xiong , Bo Tang , Chenyang Xi

Deep Imitation Learning requires a large number of expert demonstrations, which are not always easy to obtain, especially for complex tasks. A way to overcome this shortage of labels is through data augmentation. However, this cannot be…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-29 Dafni Antotsiou , Carlo Ciliberto , Tae-Kyun Kim

Solving sequential decision prediction problems, including those in imitation learning settings, requires mitigating the problem of covariate shift. The standard approach, DAgger, relies on capturing expert behaviour in all states that the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-20 Paul Budnarain , Renato Ferreira Pinto Junior , Ilan Kogan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique that enhances the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge sources. This method addresses common LLM limitations, including outdated information and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-16 Yuanjie Lyu , Zhiyu Li , Simin Niu , Feiyu Xiong , Bo Tang , Wenjin Wang , Hao Wu , Huanyong Liu , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Attempts to train a comprehensive artificial intelligence capable of solving multiple tasks have been impeded by a chronic problem called catastrophic forgetting. Although simply replaying all previous data alleviates the problem, it…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2017-12-13 Hanul Shin , Jung Kwon Lee , Jaehong Kim , Jiwon Kim

Failure-inducing inputs play a crucial role in diagnosing and analyzing software bugs. Bug reports typically contain these inputs, which developers extract to facilitate debugging. Since bug reports are written in natural language, prior…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Alif Al Hasan , Subarna Saha , Mia Mohammad Imran , Tarannum Shaila Zaman

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating up-to-date external knowledge, yet real-world web environments present unique challenges. These limitations manifest as two key challenges: pervasive…

Bugs, especially those in concurrent systems, are often hard to reproduce because they manifest only under rare conditions. Testers frequently encounter failures that occur only under specific inputs, even when occurring with low…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-09-11 Yeshayahu Weiss , Gal Amram , Achiya Elyasaf , Eitan Farchi , Oded Margalit , Gera Weiss

Interactive computational notebooks (e.g., Jupyter notebooks) are widely used in machine learning engineering (MLE) to program and share end-to-end pipelines, from data preparation to model training and evaluation. However, environment…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Bihui Jin , Kaiyuan Wang , Pengyu Nie

Current developments in computer vision and deep learning allow to automatically generate hyper-realistic images, hardly distinguishable from real ones. In particular, human face generation achieved a stunning level of realism, opening new…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-10-08 Francesco Marra , Cristiano Saltori , Giulia Boato , Luisa Verdoliva

Question Generation (QG) is a task of Natural Language Processing (NLP) that aims at automatically generating questions from text. Many applications can benefit from automatically generated questions, but often it is necessary to curate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-04-27 Hugo Rodrigues , Eric Nyberg , Luisa Coheur
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