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Large language model (LLM)-based agents that reason, plan, and act through tools, memory, and structured interaction are emerging as a promising paradigm for automating complex workflows. Recent systems such as OpenClaw and Claude Code…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Yingli Zhou , Wang Shu , Yaodong Su , Wenchuan Du , Yixiang Fang , Xuemin Lin

We introduce a variable importance measure to quantify the impact of individual input variables to a black box function. Our measure is based on the Shapley value from cooperative game theory. Many measures of variable importance operate by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-05 Masayoshi Mase , Art B. Owen , Benjamin Seiler

AI agents are promising for high-stakes enterprise workflows, but dependable deployment remains limited because tool-use failures are difficult to diagnose and control. Agents may skip required tool calls, invoke tools unnecessarily, or…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Hariom Tatsat , Ariye Shater

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have evolved into tool-using agents, they remain brittle in long-horizon interactions. Unlike mathematical reasoning where errors are often rectifiable via backtracking, tool-use failures frequently induce…

As LLM-based agents increasingly rely on external tools, it is important to evaluate their ability to sustain tool-grounded reasoning beyond familiar workflows and short-range interactions. We introduce AgentEscapeBench, an…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Zhengkang Guo , Yiyang Li , Lin Qiu , Xiaohua Wang , Jingwen Xv , Dongyu Ru , Xiaoyu Li , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuezhi Cao , Xunliang Cai

With origins in game theory, probabilistic values like Shapley values, Banzhaf values, and semi-values have emerged as a central tool in explainable AI. They are used for feature attribution, data attribution, data valuation, and more.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 R. Teal Witter , Yurong Liu , Christopher Musco

Unpacking and comprehending how black-box machine learning algorithms make decisions has been a persistent challenge for researchers and end-users. Explaining time-series predictive models is useful for clinical applications with high…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-09 Amin Nayebi , Sindhu Tipirneni , Chandan K Reddy , Brandon Foreman , Vignesh Subbian

Shapley values have emerged as a central game-theoretic tool in explainable AI (XAI). However, computing Shapley values exactly requires $2^d$ game evaluations for a model with $d$ features. Lundberg and Lee's KernelSHAP algorithm has…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Fabian Fumagalli , R. Teal Witter , Christopher Musco

Hyperparameters tuning is a fundamental, yet computationally expensive, step in optimizing machine learning models. Beyond optimization, understanding the relative importance and interaction of hyperparameters is critical to efficient model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Moncef Garouani , Ayah Barhrhouj

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) enables data-driven understanding of factor associations with response variables, yet communicating XAI outputs to laypersons remains challenging, hindering trust in AI-based predictions. Large…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Tomoaki Yamaguchi , Yutong Zhou , Masahiro Ryo , Keisuke Katsura

Numerous works propose post-hoc, model-agnostic explanations for learning to rank, focusing on ordering entities by their relevance to a query through feature attribution methods. However, these attributions often weakly correlate or…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Tanya Chowdhury , Yair Zick , James Allan

Shapley values are among the most popular tools for explaining predictions of blackbox machine learning models. However, their high computational cost motivates the use of sampling approximations, inducing a considerable degree of…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-04-11 Jeremy Goldwasser , Giles Hooker

Feature attribution methods based on game theory are ubiquitous in the field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). Recent works proposed rigorous feature attribution using logic-based explanations, specifically targeting high-stakes…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Xuanxiang Huang , Olivier Létoffé , Joao Marques-Silva

Shapley value is a popular approach for measuring the influence of individual features. While Shapley feature attribution is built upon desiderata from game theory, some of its constraints may be less natural in certain machine learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-09-28 Yongchan Kwon , James Zou

Interpretability in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) is crucial for trust, debugging, and decision-making in high-stakes applications. We introduce PixelSHAP, a model-agnostic framework extending Shapley-based analysis to structured visual…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Roni Goldshmidt

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) as general-purpose agents is essential for understanding their capabilities and facilitating their integration into practical applications. However, the evaluation process presents substantial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-25 Chang Ma , Junlei Zhang , Zhihao Zhu , Cheng Yang , Yujiu Yang , Yaohui Jin , Zhenzhong Lan , Lingpeng Kong , Junxian He

For around a decade, non-symbolic methods have been the option of choice when explaining complex machine learning (ML) models. Unfortunately, such methods lack rigor and can mislead human decision-makers. In high-stakes uses of ML, the lack…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Olivier Létoffé , Xuanxiang Huang , Joao Marques-Silva

Model agnostic feature attribution algorithms (such as SHAP and LIME) are ubiquitous techniques for explaining the decisions of complex classification models, such as deep neural networks. However, since complex classification models…

Tool-calling is essential for Large Language Model (LLM) agents to complete real-world tasks. While most existing benchmarks assume simple, perfectly documented tools, real-world tools (e.g., general "search" APIs) are often opaque, lacking…

Recent advances in agentic AI have shifted the focus from standalone Large Language Models (LLMs) to integrated systems that combine LLMs with tools, memory, and other agents to perform complex tasks. These multi-agent architectures enable…