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This work is substituted by the paper in arXiv:2011.14066. Stochastic gradient descent is the de facto algorithm for training deep neural networks (DNNs). Despite its popularity, it still requires fine tuning in order to achieve its best…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-12-02 Vatsal Shah , Anastasios Kyrillidis , Sujay Sanghavi

Adaptive gradient methods, e.g. \textsc{Adam}, have achieved tremendous success in machine learning. Scaling the learning rate element-wisely by a certain form of second moment estimate of gradients, such methods are able to attain rapid…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-10 Yizhou Wang , Yue Kang , Can Qin , Huan Wang , Yi Xu , Yulun Zhang , Yun Fu

Adaptive learning rate methods have been successfully applied in many fields, especially in training deep neural networks. Recent results have shown that adaptive methods with exponential increasing weights on squared past gradients (i.e.,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-01-05 Hui Zhong , Zaiyi Chen , Chuan Qin , Zai Huang , Vincent W. Zheng , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

It is common practice to decay the learning rate. Here we show one can usually obtain the same learning curve on both training and test sets by instead increasing the batch size during training. This procedure is successful for stochastic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-02-27 Samuel L. Smith , Pieter-Jan Kindermans , Chris Ying , Quoc V. Le

Adam has been at the core of large-scale training for almost a decade, yet a simple empirical fact remains unaccounted for: both validation scores and the qualitative behaviour of the training runs improve when the momentum parameters…

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) can elicit strong multi-step reasoning, yet it often encourages overly verbose traces. Moreover, naive length penalties in group-relative optimization can severely hurt accuracy. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Keqin Peng , Yuanxin Ouyang , Xuebo Liu , Zhiliang Tian , Ruijian Han , Yancheng Yuan , Liang Ding

In two-time-scale stochastic approximation (SA), two iterates are updated at different rates, governed by distinct step sizes, with each update influencing the other. Previous studies have demonstrated that the convergence rates of the…

概率论 · 数学 2026-02-12 Yuze Han , Xiang Li , Jiadong Liang , Zhihua Zhang

In this paper, we provide a comprehensive theoretical analysis of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and its momentum variants (Polyak Heavy-Ball and Nesterov) for tracking time-varying optima under strong convexity and smoothness. Our…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-05-20 Sharan Sahu , Cameron J. Hogan , Martin T. Wells

Recognition problems in long-tailed data, in which the sample size per class is heavily skewed, have gained importance because the distribution of the sample size per class in a dataset is generally exponential unless the sample size is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-30 Naoya Hasegawa , Issei Sato

In the real open world, data tends to follow long-tailed class distributions, motivating the well-studied long-tailed recognition (LTR) problem. Naive training produces models that are biased toward common classes in terms of higher…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-03-29 Shaden Alshammari , Yu-Xiong Wang , Deva Ramanan , Shu Kong

Inspired by Double Q-learning algorithm, the Double-DQN (DDQN) algorithm was originally proposed in order to address the overestimation issue in the original DQN algorithm. The DDQN has successfully shown both theoretically and empirically…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Shervin Halat , Mohammad Mehdi Ebadzadeh , Kiana Amani

We introduce Velocity-Regularized Adam (VRAdam), a physics-inspired optimizer for training deep neural networks that draws on ideas from quartic terms for kinetic energy with its stabilizing effects on various system dynamics. Previous…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Pranav Vaidhyanathan , Lucas Schorling , Natalia Ares , Michael A. Osborne

Accurate value estimates are important for off-policy reinforcement learning. Algorithms based on temporal difference learning typically are prone to an over- or underestimation bias building up over time. In this paper, we propose a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-24 Nicolai Dorka , Tim Welschehold , Joschka Boedecker , Wolfram Burgard

The learning rate is a crucial hyperparameter in deep learning, with its ideal value depending on the problem and potentially changing during training. In this paper, we investigate the practical utility of adaptive learning rate mechanisms…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Asma Atamna , Tom Maus , Fabian Kievelitz , Tobias Glasmachers

The Muon optimizer is consistently faster than Adam in training Large Language Models (LLMs), yet the mechanism underlying its success remains unclear. This paper demystifies this mechanism through the lens of associative memory. By…

This paper aims to clearly distinguish between Stochastic Gradient Descent with Momentum (SGDM) and Adam in terms of their convergence rates. We demonstrate that Adam achieves a faster convergence compared to SGDM under the condition of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-25 Bohan Wang , Huishuai Zhang , Qi Meng , Ruoyu Sun , Zhi-Ming Ma , Wei Chen

The training of diffusion models is often absent in the evaluation of new optimization techniques. In this work, we benchmark recent optimization algorithms for training a diffusion model for denoising flow trajectories. We observe that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Fabian Schaipp

Applying the max-product (and belief-propagation) algorithms to loopy graphs is now quite popular for best assignment problems. This is largely due to their low computational complexity and impressive performance in practice. Still, there…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2011-07-19 Yung-Yih Jian , Henry D. Pfister

In this paper, we develop a new optimization framework for the least squares learning problem via fully connected neural networks or physics-informed neural networks. The gradient descent sometimes behaves inefficiently in deep learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-01 Yaru Liu , Yiqi Gu , Michael K. Ng

Recent research identified a temporary performance drop on previously learned tasks when transitioning to a new one. This drop is called the stability gap and has great consequences for continual learning: it complicates the direct…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-10 Sandesh Kamath , Albin Soutif-Cormerais , Joost van de Weijer , Bogdan Raducanu