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Ranker and retriever are two important components in dense passage retrieval. The retriever typically adopts a dual-encoder model, where queries and documents are separately input into two pre-trained models, and the vectors generated by…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-12-29 Haifeng Li , Mo Hai , Dong Tang

We propose Neural Reasoner, a framework for neural network-based reasoning over natural language sentences. Given a question, Neural Reasoner can infer over multiple supporting facts and find an answer to the question in specific forms.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2015-08-25 Baolin Peng , Zhengdong Lu , Hang Li , Kam-Fai Wong

The dominant paradigm for training large reasoning models starts with pre-training using next-token prediction loss on vast amounts of data. Reinforcement learning, while powerful in scaling reasoning, is introduced only as the very last…

Large language models (LLMs) inevitably make mistakes when performing step-by-step mathematical reasoning. Process Reward Models (PRMs) have emerged as a promising solution by evaluating each reasoning step. However, existing PRMs typically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-28 Shuaijie She , Junxiao Liu , Yifeng Liu , Jiajun Chen , Xin Huang , Shujian Huang

Since the introduction of the GRPO algorithm, reinforcement learning (RL) has attracted increasing attention for LLM post-training, yet training efficiency remains a critical challenge. In mainstream RL frameworks, inference and training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Jian Lu

We introduce LADDER (Learning through Autonomous Difficulty-Driven Example Recursion), a framework which enables Large Language Models to autonomously improve their problem-solving capabilities through self-guided learning by recursively…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-06 Toby Simonds , Akira Yoshiyama

Existing Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown the potential of reinforcement learning (RL) to enhance the complex reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models~(LLMs). While they achieve remarkable performance on challenging tasks…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Huatong Song , Jinhao Jiang , Yingqian Min , Jie Chen , Zhipeng Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Lei Fang , Ji-Rong Wen

Scaling inference-time compute for Large Language Models (LLMs) has unlocked unprecedented reasoning capabilities. However, existing inference-time scaling methods typically rely on inefficient and suboptimal discrete search algorithms or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Peihao Wang , Ruisi Cai , Zhen Wang , Hongyuan Mei , Qiang Liu , Pan Li , Zhangyang Wang

Contemporary progress in large language models (LLMs) has revealed notable inferential capacities via reinforcement learning (RL) employing verifiable reward, facilitating the development of O1 and R1-like reasoning models. Directly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Zexu Sun , Yongcheng Zeng , Erxue Min , Heyang Gao , Bokai Ji , Xu Chen

Emerging Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4 have revolutionized Natural Language Processing (NLP), showing potential in traditional tasks such as Named Entity Recognition (NER). Our study explores a three-phase training strategy that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-26 Yining Huang , Keke Tang , Meilian Chen

Recent advancements have endowed Large Language Models (LLMs) with impressive general reasoning capabilities, yet they often struggle with personalization reasoning - the crucial ability to analyze user history, infer unique preferences,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Song Jin , Juntian Zhang , Yong Liu , Xun Zhang , Yufei Zhang , Fei Jiang , Guojun Yin , Wei Lin , Rui Yan

While the ``deep reasoning'' paradigm has spurred significant advances in verifiable domains like mathematics, its application to open-ended, creative generation remains a critical challenge. The two dominant methods for instilling…

Personalized retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) aims to produce user-tailored responses by incorporating retrieved user profiles alongside the input query. Existing methods primarily focus on improving retrieval and rely on large language…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Kepu Zhang , Teng Shi , Weijie Yu , Jun Xu

Recent advancements in Reinforcement Post-Training (RPT) have significantly enhanced the capabilities of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), sparking increased interest in the generalization of RL-based reasoning. While existing work has…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Wen Yang , Junhong Wu , Chong Li , Chengqing Zong , Jiajun Zhang

Speculative reasoning has recently been proposed as a means to accelerate reasoning-intensive generation in large multimodal models, but its effectiveness is often constrained by misalignment between speculative drafts and target-verified…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Yunhai Hu , Zining Liu , Xiangyang Yin , Tianhua Xia , Bo Bao , Eric Sather , Vithursan Thangarasa , Sai Qian Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance on complex reasoning tasks, especially when equipped with long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning. However, eliciting long CoT typically requires large-scale reinforcement…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Huiyuan Lai , Malvina Nissim

The growing disparity between the exponential scaling of computational resources and the finite growth of high-quality text data now constrains conventional scaling approaches for large language models (LLMs). To address this challenge, we…

Natural language generation (NLG) is an essential component of task-oriented dialog systems. Despite the recent success of neural approaches for NLG, they are typically developed in an offline manner for particular domains. To better fit…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-05 Fei Mi , Liangwei Chen , Mengjie Zhao , Minlie Huang , Boi Faltings

Improving the multi-step reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) is a critical yet challenging task. The dominant paradigm, outcome-supervised reinforcement learning (RLVR), rewards only correct final answers, often propagating…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Beining Wang , Weihang Su , Hongtao Tian , Tao Yang , Yujia Zhou , Ting Yao , Qingyao Ai , Yiqun Liu

While reinforcement learning has advanced the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), these gains are largely confined to English, creating a significant performance disparity across languages. To address this, we introduce…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Fahim Faisal , Kaiqiang Song , Song Wang , Simin Ma , Shujian Liu , Haoyun Deng , Sathish Reddy Indurthi