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Malicious URLs pose significant security risks as they facilitate phishing attacks, distribute malware, and empower attackers to deface websites. Blacklist detection methods fail to identify new or obfuscated URLs because they depend on…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Md. Ifthekhar Hossain , Kazi Abdullah Al Arafat , Bryce Shepard , Kayd Craig , Imtiaz Parvez

Malicious URL (Uniform Resource Locator) classification is a pivotal aspect of Cybersecurity, offering defense against web-based threats. Despite deep learning's promise in this area, its advancement is hindered by two main challenges: the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 Ilan Schvartzman , Roei Sarussi , Maor Ashkenazi , Ido kringel , Yaniv Tocker , Tal Furman Shohet

Malicious advertisement URLs pose a security risk since they are the source of cyber-attacks, and the need to address this issue is growing in both industry and academia. Generally, the attacker delivers an attack vector to the user by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-04-29 Ehsan Nowroozi , Abhishek , Mohammadreza Mohammadi , Mauro Conti

Malicious URLs host unsolicited content and are used to perpetrate cybercrimes. It is imperative to detect them in a timely manner. Traditionally, this is done through the usage of blacklists, which cannot be exhaustive, and cannot detect…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-03-05 Hung Le , Quang Pham , Doyen Sahoo , Steven C. H. Hoi

Phishing is considered to be one of the most prevalent cyber-attacks because of its immense flexibility and alarmingly high success rate. Even with adequate training and high situational awareness, it can still be hard for users to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-05-15 Orestis Christou , Nikolaos Pitropakis , Pavlos Papadopoulos , Sean McKeown , William J. Buchanan

The proliferation of malicious URLs has become a significant threat to internet security, encompassing SPAM, phishing, malware, and defacement attacks. Traditional detection methods struggle to keep pace with the evolving nature of these…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-10 Swetha T , Seshaiah M , Hemalatha KL , ManjunathaKumar BH , Murthy SVN

This paper reveals a data bias issue that can severely affect the performance while conducting a machine learning model for malicious URL detection. We describe how such bias can be identified using interpretable machine learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-12 YunDa Tsai , Cayon Liow , Yin Sheng Siang , Shou-De Lin

Malicious websites are responsible for a majority of the cyber-attacks and scams today. Malicious URLs are delivered to unsuspecting users via email, text messages, pop-ups or advertisements. Clicking on or crawling such URLs can result in…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-10-15 Apoorva Joshi , Levi Lloyd , Paul Westin , Srini Seethapathy

Malicious URL, a.k.a. malicious website, is a common and serious threat to cybersecurity. Malicious URLs host unsolicited content (spam, phishing, drive-by exploits, etc.) and lure unsuspecting users to become victims of scams (monetary…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-08-22 Doyen Sahoo , Chenghao Liu , Steven C. H. Hoi

The growing scale and sophistication of cyberattacks pose critical challenges to network security, particularly in detecting diverse intrusion types within imbalanced datasets. Traditional intrusion detection systems (IDS) often struggle to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Nisith Dissanayake , Uthayasanker Thayasivam

Malicious URL detection remains a major challenge in cybersecurity, primarily due to two factors: (1) the exponential growth of the Internet has led to an immense diversity of URLs, making generalized detection increasingly difficult; and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-15 Ye Tian , Yifan Jia , Yanbin Wang , Jianguo Sun , Zhiquan Liu , Xiaowen Ling

Malicious website detection is an increasingly relevant yet intricate task that requires the consideration of a vast amount of fine details. Our objective is to create a machine learning model that is trained on as many of these finer…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-09-13 Kinh Tran , Dusan Sovilj

Phishing remains the most pervasive threat to the Web, enabling large-scale credential theft and financial fraud through deceptive webpages. While recent reference-based and generative-AI-driven phishing detectors achieve strong accuracy,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Tailai Song , Pedro Casas , Michela Meo

Phishing emails pose a persistent and increasingly sophisticated threat, undermining email security through deceptive tactics designed to exploit both semantic and structural vulnerabilities. Traditional detection methods, often based on…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Ibrahim Altan , Abdulla Bachir , Yousuf Parbhulkar , Abdul Muksith Rizvi , Moshiur Farazi

Phishing URL detection is crucial in cybersecurity as malicious websites disguise themselves to steal sensitive infor mation. Traditional machine learning techniques struggle to per form well in complex real-world scenarios due to large…

In this paper, we present a general scheme for building reproducible and extensible datasets for website phishing detection. The aim is to (1) enable comparison of systems using different features, (2) overtake the short-lived nature of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-24 Abdelhakim Hannousse , Salima Yahiouche

Malicious URLs persistently threaten the cybersecurity ecosystem, by either deceiving users into divulging private data or distributing harmful payloads to infiltrate host systems. Gaining timely insights into the current state of this…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Ye Tian , Yanqiu Yu , Jianguo Sun , Yanbin Wang

The escalating reliance on revolutionary online web services has introduced heightened security risks, with persistent challenges posed by phishing despite extensive security measures. Traditional phishing systems, reliant on machine…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-01-23 Saba Aslam , Hafsa Aslam , Arslan Manzoor , Chen Hui , Abdur Rasool

Phishing attacks threaten online users, often leading to data breaches, financial losses, and identity theft. Traditional phishing detection systems struggle with high false positive rates and are usually limited by the types of attacks…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-01 Sneha Baskota

URL+HTML feature fusion shows promise for robust malicious URL detection, since attacker artifacts persist in DOM structures. However, prior work suffers from four critical shortcomings: (1) incomplete URL modeling, failing to jointly…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-25 Ye Tian , Zhang Yumin , Yifan Jia , Jianguo Sun , Yanbin Wang
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