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In this technical report, we introduce OpenR, an open-source framework designed to integrate key components for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). OpenR unifies data acquisition, reinforcement learning…

Parallelism is a ubiquitous method for accelerating machine learning algorithms. However, theoretical analysis of parallel learning is usually done in an algorithm- and protocol-specific setting, giving little insight about how changes in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-09 Yucheng Lu , Jack Nash , Christopher De Sa

In large language models performing long-form reasoning, the KV cache grows rapidly with decode length, creating bottlenecks in memory and inference stability. Existing reasoning-oriented KV compression has mostly followed an…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Buseong Kim , Heejun Gwon

Test-time compute can be scaled both sequentially and in parallel. Sequential scaling involves lengthening the generation process, while parallel scaling involves verifying and selecting among multiple candidate outputs. Combining these two…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Weihao Zeng , Keqing He , Chuqiao Kuang , Xiaoguang Li , Junxian He

Listwise reranking utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) has achieved state-of-the-art retrieval effectiveness. Recently, reasoning-enhanced models have further pushed these boundaries by employing Chain-of-Thought (CoT) to perform deep…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Danyang Liu , Kan Li

State-of-the-art reasoning LLMs are powerful problem solvers, but they still occasionally make mistakes. However, adopting AI models in risk-sensitive domains often requires error rates near 0%. To address this gap, we propose collaboration…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Michael J. Zellinger , Matt Thomson

Despite significant advancements in the general capability of large language models (LLMs), they continue to struggle with consistent and accurate reasoning, especially in complex tasks such as mathematical and code reasoning. One key…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Zhenwen Liang , Ye Liu , Tong Niu , Xiangliang Zhang , Yingbo Zhou , Semih Yavuz

The remarkable performance of models like the OpenAI o1 can be attributed to their ability to emulate human-like long-time thinking during inference. These models employ extended chain-of-thought (CoT) processes, exploring multiple…

Reasoning LLMs such as OpenAI o1, o3 and DeepSeek R1 have made significant progress in mathematics and coding, yet find challenging advanced tasks such as International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) combinatorics problems, Abstraction and…

Ensemble learning has been widely used in machine learning to improve model robustness, accuracy, and generalization, but has not yet been applied to code generation tasks with large language models (LLMs). We propose an ensemble approach…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Tarek Mahmud , Bin Duan , Corina Pasareanu , Guowei Yang

Universal multimodal embedding (UME) maps heterogeneous inputs into a shared retrieval space with a single model. Recent approaches improve UME by generating explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) rationales before extracting embeddings, enabling…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Chenwei He , Xiangzhao Hao , Tianyu Yang , Yuxiang Ma , Yuheng Jia , Lingxiang Wu , Chaoyang Zhao , Haiyun Guo , Jinqiao Wang

Understanding a program's runtime reasoning behavior, meaning how intermediate states and control flows lead to final execution results, is essential for reliable code generation, debugging, and automated reasoning. Although large language…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Mohammad Abdollahi , Khandaker Rifah Tasnia , Soumit Kanti Saha , Jinqiu Yang , Song Wang , Hadi Hemmati

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shifted from explicit Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning to more efficient latent reasoning, where intermediate thoughts are represented as vectors rather than text. However, latent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Wengao Ye , Yan Liang , Lianlei Shan

Test-Time Scaling (TTS) enhances the reasoning capabilities of large language models by allocating additional inference compute to explore the solution space. However, existing parallel TTS methods typically keep branches isolated during…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Xinglin Wang , Hao Lin , Shaoxiong Feng , Peiwen Yuan , Yiwei Li , Jiayi Shi , Yueqi Zhang , Chuyi Tan , Ji Zhang , Boyuan Pan , Yao Hu , Kan Li

Large reasoning models (LRMs) like OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek R1 have demonstrated impressive performance on complex reasoning tasks like mathematics and programming with long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning sequences (slow-thinking), compared…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Jason Zhu , Hongyu Li

The extensive world knowledge and powerful reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have attracted significant attention in recommendation systems (RS). Specifically, The chain of thought (CoT) has been shown to improve the…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-08-22 Yu Xia , Rui Zhong , Zeyu Song , Wei Yang , Junchen Wan , Qingpeng Cai , Chi Lu , Peng Jiang

With the significant progress of large reasoning models in complex coding and reasoning tasks, existing benchmarks, like LiveCodeBench and CodeElo, are insufficient to evaluate the coding capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in real…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Shiyi Xu , Yiwen Hu , Yingqian Min , Zhipeng Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Test-time scaling is a promising new approach to language modeling that uses extra test-time compute to improve performance. Recently, OpenAI's o1 model showed this capability but did not publicly share its methodology, leading to many…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted as automated judges in benchmarking and reward modeling, ensuring their reliability, efficiency, and robustness has become critical. In this work, we present a systematic comparison…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Pratik Jayarao , Himanshu Gupta , Neeraj Varshney , Chaitanya Dwivedi

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) are powerful, but they still suffer from inefficient and off-target reasoning. Currently, training-free methods are limited to either rigid heuristics or descriptive, non-actionable analyses. In this paper, we…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Sunzhu Li , Zhiyu Lin , Shuling Yang , Jiale Zhao , Wei Chen