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Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) represents an ensemble methodology that amalgamates predictions from several specialized sub-models (referred to as experts). This fusion is accomplished through a router mechanism, dynamically assigning weights to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-27 Jinze Zhao , Peihao Wang , Zhangyang Wang

To build an artificial neural network like the biological intelligence system, recent works have unified numerous tasks into a generalist model, which can process various tasks with shared parameters and do not have any task-specific…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-07-06 Jinguo Zhu , Xizhou Zhu , Wenhai Wang , Xiaohua Wang , Hongsheng Li , Xiaogang Wang , Jifeng Dai

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) models are an emerging class of sparsely activated deep learning models that have sublinear compute costs with respect to their parameters. In contrast with dense models, the sparse architecture of MoE offers…

Sparse Mixtures of Experts (SMoE) scales model capacity without significant increases in training and inference costs, but exhibits the following two issues: (1) Low expert activation, where only a small subset of experts are activated for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-24 Xun Wu , Shaohan Huang , Wenhui Wang , Furu Wei

Unified multimodal models have recently shown remarkable gains in both capability and versatility, yet most leading systems are still trained from scratch and require substantial computational resources. In this paper, we show that…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Zeyu Wang , Zilong Chen , Chenhui Gou , Feng Li , Chaorui Deng , Deyao Zhu , Kunchang Li , Weihao Yu , Haoqin Tu , Haoqi Fan , Cihang Xie

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a promising way to scale up the learning capacity of large language models. It increases the number of parameters while keeping FLOPs nearly constant during inference through sparse activation. Yet, it still…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Pingzhi Li , Xiaolong Jin , Zhen Tan , Yu Cheng , Tianlong Chen

Sparse Mixture of Experts (MoE) models offer a scalable and efficient architecture for training large neural networks by activating only a subset of parameters ("experts") for each input. A learned router computes a distribution over these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Nabil Omi , Siddhartha Sen , Ali Farhadi

Sparse Mixture of Expert (SMoE) models have emerged as a scalable alternative to dense models in language modeling. These models use conditionally activated feedforward subnetworks in transformer blocks, allowing for a separation between…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-04 Soumajyoti Sarkar , Leonard Lausen , Volkan Cevher , Sheng Zha , Thomas Brox , George Karypis

While transformers and their variant conformers show promising performance in speech recognition, the parameterized property leads to much memory cost during training and inference. Some works use cross-layer weight-sharing to reduce the…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-09-20 Ye Bai , Jie Li , Wenjing Han , Hao Ni , Kaituo Xu , Zhuo Zhang , Cheng Yi , Xiaorui Wang

Recent advances in unified multimodal models (UMM) have demonstrated remarkable progress in both understanding and generation tasks. However, whether these two capabilities are genuinely aligned and integrated within a single model remains…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Chenlong Wang , Yuhang Chen , Zhihan Hu , Dongping Chen , Wenhu Chen , Sarah Wiegreffe , Tianyi Zhou

Machine learning models based on the aggregated outputs of submodels, either at the activation or prediction levels, often exhibit strong performance compared to individual models. We study the interplay of two popular classes of such…

Recently, inspired by the concept of sparsity, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have gained increasing popularity for scaling model size while keeping the number of activated parameters constant. In this study, we thoroughly investigate the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-26 Xiaoye Qu , Daize Dong , Xuyang Hu , Tong Zhu , Weigao Sun , Yu Cheng

Unifying multimodal understanding and generation has shown impressive capabilities in cutting-edge proprietary systems. In this work, we introduce BAGEL, an open-source foundational model that natively supports multimodal understanding and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Chaorui Deng , Deyao Zhu , Kunchang Li , Chenhui Gou , Feng Li , Zeyu Wang , Shu Zhong , Weihao Yu , Xiaonan Nie , Ziang Song , Guang Shi , Haoqi Fan

Sparse Mixture of Experts (SMoE) has become the key to unlocking unparalleled scalability in deep learning. SMoE has the potential to exponentially increase parameter count while maintaining the efficiency of the model by only activating a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-21 Rachel S. Y. Teo , Tan M. Nguyen

Sparse Mixture of Experts (MoE) large language models (LLMs) are gradually becoming the mainstream approach for ultra-large-scale models. Existing optimization efforts for MoE models have focused primarily on coarse-grained MoE…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-07 Haoqi Yang , Luohe Shi , Qiwei Li , Zuchao Li , Ping Wang , Bo Du , Mengjia Shen , Hai Zhao

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have become a key approach for scaling large language models efficiently by activating only a subset of experts during training and inference. Typically, the number of activated experts presents a trade-off:…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Yifei He , Yang Liu , Chen Liang , Hany Hassan Awadalla

As machine learning models in critical fields increasingly grapple with multimodal data, they face the dual challenges of handling a wide array of modalities, often incomplete due to missing elements, and the temporal irregularity and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-10 Xing Han , Huy Nguyen , Carl Harris , Nhat Ho , Suchi Saria

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) model incorporates the power of multiple submodels via gating functions to achieve greater performance in numerous regression and classification applications. From a theoretical perspective, while there have been…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-06-25 Huy Nguyen , Pedram Akbarian , TrungTin Nguyen , Nhat Ho

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models scale large language models efficiently by sparsely activating experts, but once an expert is selected, it is executed fully. Hence, the trade-off between accuracy and computation in an MoE model typically…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Nurbek Tastan , Stefanos Laskaridis , Karthik Nandakumar , Samuel Horvath

The emergence of large-scale Mixture of Experts (MoE) models represents a significant advancement in artificial intelligence, offering enhanced model capacity and computational efficiency through conditional computation. However, deploying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-23 Jiacheng Liu , Peng Tang , Wenfeng Wang , Yuhang Ren , Xiaofeng Hou , Pheng-Ann Heng , Minyi Guo , Chao Li