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The common toxicity and societal bias in contents generated by large language models (LLMs) necessitate strategies to reduce harm. Present solutions often demand white-box access to the model or substantial training, which is impractical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-23 Rongwu Xu , Zi'an Zhou , Tianwei Zhang , Zehan Qi , Su Yao , Ke Xu , Wei Xu , Han Qiu

Warning: This article includes red-teaming experiments, which contain examples of compromised LLM responses that may be offensive or upsetting. Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to create harmful content, such as generating…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Ali Raza , Gurang Gupta , Nikolay Matyunin , Jibesh Patra

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in applications where the model selects from competing third-party content, such as in LLM-powered search engines or chatbot plugins. In this paper, we introduce Preference Manipulation…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-03 Fredrik Nestaas , Edoardo Debenedetti , Florian Tramèr

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs), has opened exciting possibilities for constructing computational simulations designed to replicate human behavior accurately. Current research suggests that LLM-based agents become increasingly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Amir Taubenfeld , Yaniv Dover , Roi Reichart , Ariel Goldstein

The adoption of large language models (LLMs) in many applications, from customer service chat bots and software development assistants to more capable agentic systems necessitates research into how to secure these systems. Attacks like…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Erick Galinkin , Martin Sablotny

Large Language Models (LLMs) have fundamentally transformed the field of natural language processing; however, their vulnerability to biases presents a notable obstacle that threatens both fairness and trust. This review offers an extensive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Kiana Kiashemshaki , Mohammad Jalili Torkamani , Negin Mahmoudi , Meysam Shirdel Bilehsavar

Negative campaigning is a central feature of political competition, yet empirical research has been limited by the high cost and limited scalability of existing classification methods. This study makes two key contributions. First, it…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-24 Victor Hartman , Petter Törnberg

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and Bard, have revolutionized natural language understanding and generation. They possess deep language comprehension, human-like text generation capabilities, contextual awareness, and robust…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-03-22 Yifan Yao , Jinhao Duan , Kaidi Xu , Yuanfang Cai , Zhibo Sun , Yue Zhang

Disclaimer: Samples in this paper may be harmful and cause discomfort! Patronizing and condescending language (PCL) is a form of speech directed at vulnerable groups. As an essential branch of toxic language, this type of language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-02 Hongbo Wang , Mingda Li , Junyu Lu , Hebin Xia , Liang Yang , Bo Xu , Ruizhu Liu , Hongfei Lin

From generating headlines to fabricating news, the Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically assessed by their final outputs, under the safety assumption that a refusal response signifies safe reasoning throughout the entire process.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Zhao Tong , Chunlin Gong , Yiping Zhang , Haichao Shi , Qiang Liu , Xingcheng Xu , Shu Wu , Xiao-Yu Zhang

The rapid rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has created new disruptive possibilities for persuasive communication, enabling fully-automated, personalized, and interactive content generation at an unprecedented scale. In this paper, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Sander Noels , Alexander Rogiers , Maarten Buyl , Tijl De Bie

Recent works have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) have a tendency to memorize patterns and biases present in their training data, raising important questions about how such memorized content influences model behavior. One such…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Shanshan Xu , T. Y. S. S Santosh , Yanai Elazar , Quirin Vogel , Barbara Plank , Matthias Grabmair

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant advancements in performance, various jailbreak attacks have posed growing safety and ethical risks. Malicious users often exploit adversarial context to deceive LLMs, prompting them…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-15 Jinhwa Kim , Ian G. Harris

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer transformative opportunities to address the longstanding challenge of modeling opinion evolution in computational social science. This study investigates how media influences cross-border attitudes - a key…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Nicholas Sukiennik , Yichuan Xu , Yuqing Kan , Jinghua Piao , Yuwei Yan , Chen Gao , Yong Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented performance in Natural Language Generation (NLG) tasks. However, many existing studies have shown that they could be misused to generate undesired content. In response, before…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-04 Hangfan Zhang , Zhimeng Guo , Huaisheng Zhu , Bochuan Cao , Lu Lin , Jinyuan Jia , Jinghui Chen , Dinghao Wu

Large language model (LLM) developers aim for their models to be honest, helpful, and harmless. However, when faced with malicious requests, models are trained to refuse, sacrificing helpfulness. We show that frontier LLMs can develop a…

By leveraging the retrieval of information from external knowledge databases, Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit enhanced capabilities for accomplishing many knowledge-intensive tasks. However, due to the inherent flaws of current…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-13 Siye Wu , Jian Xie , Jiangjie Chen , Tinghui Zhu , Kai Zhang , Yanghua Xiao

Due to the correlational structure in our traits such as identities, cultures, and political attitudes, seemingly innocuous preferences like following a band or using a specific slang can reveal private traits. This possibility, especially…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Byunghwee Lee , Sangyeon Kim , Filippo Menczer , Yong-Yeol Ahn , Haewoon Kwak , Jisun An

Improvements in model construction, including fortified safety guardrails, allow Large language models (LLMs) to increasingly pass standard safety checks. However, LLMs sometimes slip into revealing harmful behavior, such as expressing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Nafiseh Nikeghbal , Amir Hossein Kargaran , Jana Diesner

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in politically sensitive settings, raising concerns about their potential to encode, amplify, or be steered toward specific ideologies. We investigate how adopting synthetic personas…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-25 Pietro Bernardelle , Stefano Civelli , Leon Fröhling , Riccardo Lunardi , Kevin Roitero , Gianluca Demartini