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In nearly every discipline, scientific computations are limited by the cost and speed of computation. For example, the best-known exact algorithms for the canonical Traveling Salesman Problem would take centuries to run on an instance of…

This article features extended summaries and retrospectives of some of the recent research done by our research group, SAFARI, on (1) various critical problems in memory systems and (2) how memory system bottlenecks affect graphics…

In recent years a large number of problems have been considered in external memory models of computation, where the complexity measure is the number of blocks of data that are moved between slow external memory and fast internal memory…

Over the past two decades, the storage capacity and access bandwidth of main memory have improved tremendously, by 128x and 20x, respectively. These improvements are mainly due to the continuous technology scaling of DRAM (dynamic…

Algorithms for continuous optimization problems have a rich history of design and innovation over the past several decades, in which mathematical analysis of their convergence and complexity properties plays a central role. Besides their…

The works presented in this habilitation concern the algorithmics of polynomials. This is a central topic in computer algebra, with numerous applications both within and outside the field - cryptography, error-correcting codes, etc. For…

Computing has a huge memory problem. The memory system, consisting of multiple technologies at different levels, is responsible for most of the energy consumption, performance bottlenecks, robustness problems, monetary cost, and hardware…

Benchmark problems are an important tool for gaining understanding of optimization algorithms. Since algorithms often aim to perform well on benchmarks, biases in benchmark design provide misleading insights. In single-objective…

The key challenge to improving performance in the age of Dark Silicon is how to leverage transistors when they cannot all be used at the same time. In modern SOCs, these transistors are often used to create specialized accelerators which…

As vision-based robots navigate larger environments, their spatial memory grows without bound, eventually exhausting computational resources, particularly on embedded platforms (8-16GB shared memory, $<$30W) where adding hardware is not an…

Cumulative memory -- the sum of space used per step over the duration of a computation -- is a fine-grained measure of time-space complexity that was introduced to analyze cryptographic applications like password hashing. It is a more…

An accepted practice to decrease applications' memory usage is to reduce the amount and frequency of memory allocations. Factors such as (a) the prevalence of out-of-memory (OOM) killers, (b) memory allocations in modern programming…

The main memory access latency has not much improved for more than two decades while the CPU performance had been exponentially increasing until recently. Approximate memory is a technique to reduce the DRAM access latency in return of…

Three factors drive the advance of AI: algorithmic innovation, data, and the amount of compute available for training. Algorithmic progress has traditionally been more difficult to quantify than compute and data. In this work, we argue that…

This is a chapter in the Encyclopedia of Robotics. It is devoted to the study of complexity of complete (or exact) algorithms for robot motion planning. The term ``complete'' indicates that an approach is guaranteed to find the correct…

The rapid advancement of neuromorphic technology aims to address the memory wall challenge inherent in conventional von Neumann architectures. This paper critically examines current digital neuromorphic processors and their strategies to…

quest for processing speed potential. In fact, we always get a fraction of the technically available computing power (so-called {\em theoretical peak}), and the gap is likely to go hand-to-hand with the hardware complexity of the target…

Memory-centric computing aims to enable computation capability in and near all places where data is generated and stored. As such, it can greatly reduce the large negative performance and energy impact of data access and data movement, by…

Similar to algorithms, which consume time and memory to run, hardware requires resources to function. For devices processing physical waves, implementing operations needs sufficient "space," as dictated by wave physics. How much space is…

Metaheuristics are stochastic optimization algorithms that mimic natural processes to find optimal solutions to complex problems. The success of metaheuristics largely depends on the ability to effectively explore and exploit the search…