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Adam is a widely used optimization method for training deep learning models. It computes individual adaptive learning rates for different parameters. In this paper, we propose a generalization of Adam, called Adambs, that allows us to also…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-27 Rui Liu , Tianyi Wu , Barzan Mozafari

Adam is a widely used optimization algorithm in deep learning, yet the specific class of objective functions where it exhibits inherent advantages remains underexplored. Unlike prior studies requiring external schedulers and $\beta_2$ near…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Zhiwei Bai , Jiajie Zhao , Zhangchen Zhou , Zhi-Qin John Xu , Yaoyu Zhang

Adaptive Moment Estimation (ADAM) is a very popular training algorithm for deep neural networks and belongs to the family of adaptive gradient descent optimizers. However to the best of the authors knowledge no complete convergence analysis…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-22 Sebastian Bock , Martin Georg Weiß

Adaptive gradient optimization methods, such as Adam, are prevalent in training deep neural networks across diverse machine learning tasks due to their ability to achieve faster convergence. However, these methods often suffer from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Abulikemu Abuduweili , Changliu Liu

Despite the success of the Adam optimizer in practice, the theoretical understanding of its algorithmic components still remains limited. In particular, most existing analyses of Adam show the convergence rate that can be simply achieved by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Kwangjun Ahn , Zhiyu Zhang , Yunbum Kook , Yan Dai

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization methods are nowadays the method of choice for the training of deep neural networks (DNNs) in artificial intelligence systems. In practically relevant training problems, usually not the plain…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2024-08-01 Steffen Dereich , Arnulf Jentzen

Convergence and convergence rate analyses of adaptive methods, such as Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) and its variants, have been widely studied for nonconvex optimization. The analyses are based on assumptions that the expected or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-28 Hideaki Iiduka

AdaBelief, one of the current best optimizers, demonstrates superior generalization ability compared to the popular Adam algorithm by viewing the exponential moving average of observed gradients. AdaBelief is theoretically appealing in that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-26 Yangfan Zhou , Kaizhu Huang , Cheng Cheng , Xuguang Wang , Amir Hussain , Xin Liu

Despite the popularity of the Adam optimizer in practice, most theoretical analyses study Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) as a proxy for Adam, and little is known about how the solutions found by Adam differ. In this paper, we show that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Xinghan Li , Haodong Wen , Kaifeng Lyu

Adaptive moment methods such as Adam use a diagonal, coordinate-wise preconditioner based on exponential moving averages of squared gradients. This diagonal scaling is coordinate-system dependent and can struggle with dense or rotated…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Devender Singh , Tarun Sheel

The best performing Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) are usually attained using Adam optimization and its multi-step training variants. However, to the best of our knowledge, few studies explore the fundamental reasons why Adam is superior to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-22 Zechun Liu , Zhiqiang Shen , Shichao Li , Koen Helwegen , Dong Huang , Kwang-Ting Cheng

Optimization is an integral part of modern deep learning. Recently, the concept of learned optimizers has emerged as a way to accelerate this optimization process by replacing traditional, hand-crafted algorithms with meta-learned…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-13 Jan Sobotka , Petr Šimánek , Daniel Vašata

The adaptive moment estimation (Adam) optimizer proposed by Kingma & Ba (2014) is presumably the most popular stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization method for the training of deep neural networks (DNNs) in artificial intelligence…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Steffen Dereich , Thang Do , Arnulf Jentzen

Optimisers are an essential component for training machine learning models, and their design influences learning speed and generalisation. Several studies have attempted to learn more effective gradient-descent optimisers via solving a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-08 Boyan Gao , Henry Gouk , Hae Beom Lee , Timothy M. Hospedales

In previous literature, backward error analysis was used to find ordinary differential equations (ODEs) approximating the gradient descent trajectory. It was found that finite step sizes implicitly regularize solutions because terms…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Matias D. Cattaneo , Jason M. Klusowski , Boris Shigida

Catastrophic forgetting remains a severe hindrance to the broad application of artificial neural networks (ANNs), however, it continues to be a poorly understood phenomenon. Despite the extensive amount of work on catastrophic forgetting,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-10 Dylan R. Ashley , Sina Ghiassian , Richard S. Sutton

Despite its widespread adoption, Adam's advantage over Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) lacks a comprehensive theoretical explanation. This paper investigates Adam's sensitivity to rotations of the parameter space. We observe that Adam's…

Humans rely more and more on systems with AI components. The AI community typically treats human inputs as a given and optimizes AI models only. This thinking is one-sided and it neglects the fact that humans can learn, too. In this work,…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2020-09-22 Johannes Schneider

This paper proposes a new optimizer for deep learning, named d-AmsGrad. In the real-world data, noise and outliers cannot be excluded from dataset to be used for learning robot skills. This problem is especially striking for robots that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-02 Taisuke Kobayashi

Adam is a popular variant of stochastic gradient descent for finding a local minimizer of a function. In the constant stepsize regime, assuming that the objective function is differentiable and non-convex, we establish the convergence in…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-05-15 Anas Barakat , Pascal Bianchi