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Although transformer architectures have achieved state-of-the-art performance across diverse domains, their quadratic computational complexity with respect to sequence length remains a significant bottleneck, particularly for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Zeyu Liu , Souvik Kundu , Lianghao Jiang , Anni Li , Srikanth Ronanki , Sravan Bodapati , Gourav Datta , Peter A. Beerel

In-context learning (ICL) allows Transformers to adapt to novel tasks without weight updates, yet the underlying algorithms remain poorly understood. We adopt a statistical decision-theoretic perspective by investigating simple binary…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Faris Chaudhry , Siddhant Gadkari

Time series foundation models have shown impressive performance on a variety of tasks, across a wide range of domains, even in zero-shot settings. However, most of these models are designed to handle short univariate time series as an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-23 Nina Żukowska , Mononito Goswami , Michał Wiliński , Willa Potosnak , Artur Dubrawski

Transformers have emerged as the dominant architecture in the field of deep learning, with a broad range of applications and remarkable in-context learning (ICL) capabilities. While not yet fully understood, ICL has already proved to be an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Arik Reuter , Tim G. J. Rudner , Vincent Fortuin , David Rügamer

Recent breakthroughs in natural language processing and computer vision, driven by efficient pre-training on large datasets, have enabled foundation models to excel on a wide range of tasks. However, this potential has not yet been fully…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-03 Özgün Turgut , Philip Müller , Martin J. Menten , Daniel Rueckert

The task-conditional model is a distinctive stream for efficient multi-task learning. Existing works encounter a critical limitation in learning task-agnostic and task-specific representations, primarily due to shortcomings in global…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-04 Yuxiang Lu , Shalayiding Sirejiding , Bayram Bayramli , Suizhi Huang , Yue Ding , Hongtao Lu

Since the seminal work of TabPFN, research on tabular foundation models (TFMs) based on in-context learning (ICL) has challenged long-standing paradigms in machine learning. Without seeing any real-world data, models pretrained on purely…

Time series forecasting is prevalent in extensive real-world applications, such as financial analysis and energy planning. Previous studies primarily focus on time series modality, endeavoring to capture the intricate variations and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Jiaxiang Dong , Haixu Wu , Yuxuan Wang , Li Zhang , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

LLMs have shown strong in-context learning (ICL) abilities, but have not yet been extended to signal processing systems. Inspired by their design, we have proposed for the first time ICL using transformer models applicable to motor…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Tong Jian , Tianyu Dai , Tao Yu

Attention-based neural networks such as transformers have demonstrated a remarkable ability to exhibit in-context learning (ICL): Given a short prompt sequence of tokens from an unseen task, they can formulate relevant per-token and…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-10-23 Ruiqi Zhang , Spencer Frei , Peter L. Bartlett

AI systems must adapt to evolving visual environments, especially in domains where object appearances change over time. We introduce Car Models in Time (CaMiT), a fine-grained dataset capturing the temporal evolution of car models, a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-22 Frédéric LIN , Biruk Abere Ambaw , Adrian Popescu , Hejer Ammar , Romaric Audigier , Hervé Le Borgne

Transformers have revolutionized performance in Natural Language Processing and Vision, paving the way for their integration with Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). One key challenge in enhancing graph transformers is strengthening the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Yun Young Choi , Sun Woo Park , Minho Lee , Youngho Woo

Recent breakthroughs in large-scale generative modeling have demonstrated the potential of foundation models in domains such as natural language, computer vision, and protein structure prediction. However, their application in the energy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-29 Michael Fuest , Alfredo Cuesta , Kalyan Veeramachaneni

Real-world environments are inherently non-stationary, frequently introducing new classes over time. This is especially common in time series classification, such as the emergence of new disease classification in healthcare or the addition…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-06 Zhongzheng Qiao , Quang Pham , Zhen Cao , Hoang H Le , P. N. Suganthan , Xudong Jiang , Ramasamy Savitha

In-Context Learning (ICL) has significantly expanded the general-purpose nature of large language models, allowing them to adapt to novel tasks using merely the inputted context. This has motivated a series of papers that analyze tractable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Core Francisco Park , Ekdeep Singh Lubana , Itamar Pres , Hidenori Tanaka

We introduce a classification method based on in-context learning using time-series foundation models (TSFMs). We demonstrate how data not included in the TSFM training can be classified without fine-tuning the foundation model or training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Michel Tokic , Slobodan Djukanović , Anja von Beuningen , Cheng Feng

Time series classification (TSC) is fundamental in numerous domains, including finance, healthcare, and environmental monitoring. However, traditional TSC methods often struggle with the inherent complexity and variability of time series…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Marcell T. Kurbucz , Balázs Hajós , Balázs P. Halmos , Vince Á. Molnár , Antal Jakovác

In-context learning (ICL) has revolutionized the capabilities of transformer models in NLP. In our project, we extend the understanding of the mechanisms underpinning ICL by exploring whether transformers can learn from sequential,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-22 Ryan Campbell , Emma Guo , Evan Hu , Reya Vir , Ethan Hsiao

General-purpose pre-trained models ("foundation models") have enabled practitioners to produce generalizable solutions for individual machine learning problems with datasets that are significantly smaller than those required for learning…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-10-25 Dhruv Shah , Ajay Sridhar , Nitish Dashora , Kyle Stachowicz , Kevin Black , Noriaki Hirose , Sergey Levine

Class-incremental learning (CIL) for time series data faces critical challenges in balancing stability against catastrophic forgetting and plasticity for new knowledge acquisition, particularly under real-world constraints where historical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Yuanlong Wu , Mingxing Nie , Tao Zhu , Liming Chen , Huansheng Ning , Yaping Wan