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The sampling temperature, a critical hyperparameter in large language models (LLMs), modifies the logits before the softmax layer, thereby reshaping the distribution of output tokens. Recent studies have challenged the Stochastic Parrots…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Lujun Li , Lama Sleem , Niccolo' Gentile , Geoffrey Nichil , Radu State

In this research study, we empirically investigate the effect of sampling temperature on the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on various problem-solving tasks. We created a multiple-choice question-and-answer (MCQA) exam by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-17 Matthew Renze , Erhan Guven

LLM-as-a-Judge has emerged as an effective and low-cost paradigm for evaluating text quality and factual correctness. Prior studies have shown substantial agreement between LLM judges and human experts, even on tasks that are difficult to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Lujun Li , Lama Sleem , Yangjie Xu , Yewei Song , Aolin Jia , Jerome Francois , Radu State

In this study, we evaluate open-source models for security incident classification, comparing them with proprietary models. We utilize a dataset of anonymized real incidents, categorized according to the NIST SP 800-61r3 taxonomy and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Gefté Almeida , Marcio Pohlmann , Alex Severo , Diego Kreutz , Tiago Heinrich , Lourenço Pereira

The environmental impact of Large Language Models (LLMs) on data centers hosting these models is becoming a significant concern. While many efforts have focused on reducing the substantial training overhead of LLMs, carbon and water…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-03-10 Arash Khalatbarisoltani , Amin Mahmoudi , Jie Han , Muhammad Saeed , Wenxue Liu , Jinwen Li , Solmaz Kahourzade , Amirmehdi Yazdani , Xiaosong Hu

Leveraging LLMs for code generation is becoming increasingly common, as tools like ChatGPT can suggest method implementations with minimal input, such as a method signature and brief description. Empirical studies further highlight the…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Benedetta Donato , Leonardo Mariani , Daniela Micucci , Oliviero Riganelli

Multi-sample aggregation strategies, such as majority voting and best-of-N sampling, are widely used in contemporary large language models (LLMs) to enhance predictive accuracy across various tasks. A key challenge in this process is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Weihua Du , Yiming Yang , Sean Welleck

This work examines latency, throughput, and other metrics when performing inference on confidential GPUs. We explore different traffic patterns and scheduling strategies using a single Virtual Machine with one NVIDIA H100 GPU, to perform…

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly capable at small parameter scales. At the same time, conventional cloud-centric deployment introduces challenges around data privacy, latency, and cost that are acute in operational…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Harri Renney , Fouad Trad , Michael Mattarock , Zena Wood

The rapid scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) has pushed training workloads far beyond the limits of single-node analysis, demanding a deeper understanding of how these models behave across large-scale, multi-GPU systems. In this paper,…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Seokjin Go , Joongun Park , Spandan More , Hanjiang Wu , Irene Wang , Aaron Jezghani , Tushar Krishna , Divya Mahajan

The unprecedented growth in artificial intelligence (AI) workloads, recently dominated by large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs), has intensified power and cooling demands in data centers. This study benchmarks LLMs…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-07-23 Imran Latif , Muhammad Ali Shafique , Hayat Ullah , Alex C. Newkirk , Xi Yu , Arslan Munir

Large language models are increasingly used as automated evaluators in research and enterprise settings, a practice known as LLM-as-a-judge. While prior work has examined accuracy, bias, and alignment with human preferences, far less…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Fiona Lau

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GPT models, are increasingly used in software engineering for various tasks, such as code generation, requirements management, and debugging. While automating these tasks has garnered significant…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-08-21 Chetan Arora , Ahnaf Ibn Sayeed , Sherlock Licorish , Fanyu Wang , Christoph Treude

Temperature is a widely used hyperparameter in various tasks involving neural networks, such as classification or metric learning, whose choice can have a direct impact on the model performance. Most of existing works select its value using…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-19 Benjamin Chamand , Olivier Risser-Maroix , Camille Kurtz , Philippe Joly , Nicolas Loménie

Large language models (LLMs) can improve reasoning at inference time through test-time scaling (TTS), where multiple reasoning traces are generated and the best one is selected. Prior work shows that increasing the number of samples K…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Yuheng Wu , Azalia Mirhoseini , Thierry Tambe

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have significantly impacted data science workflows, giving rise to specialized data science agents designed to automate analytical tasks. Despite rapid adoption, systematic benchmarks…

The rising demand for generative large language models (LLMs) poses challenges for thermal and power management in cloud datacenters. Traditional techniques often are inadequate for LLM inference due to the fine-grained, millisecond-scale…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Jovan Stojkovic , Chaojie Zhang , Íñigo Goiri , Esha Choukse , Haoran Qiu , Rodrigo Fonseca , Josep Torrellas , Ricardo Bianchini

We study scheduling problems motivated by recently developed techniques for microprocessor thermal management at the operating systems level. The general scenario can be described as follows. The microprocessor's temperature is controlled…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2008-01-29 Marek Chrobak , Christoph Durr , Mathilde Hurand , Julien Robert

Thermal management in the hyper-scale cloud data centers is a critical problem. Increased host temperature creates hotspots which significantly increases cooling cost and affects reliability. Accurate prediction of host temperature is…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2020-12-17 Shashikant Ilager , Kotagiri Ramamohanarao , Rajkumar Buyya

The AI datacenters are currently being deployed on a large scale to support the training and deployment of power-intensive large-language models (LLMs). Extensive amount of computation and cooling required in datacenters increase concerns…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-14 Nardos Belay Abera , Yize Chen
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