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Low-latency decoding for large language models (LLMs) is crucial for applications like chatbots and code assistants, yet generating long outputs remains slow in single-query settings. Prior work on speculative decoding (which combines a…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Ziyi Zhang , Ziheng Jiang , Chengquan Jiang , Menghan Yu , Size Zheng , Haibin Lin , Henry Hoffmann , Xin Liu

Speculative decoding is a prominent technique to speed up the inference of a large target language model based on predictions of an auxiliary draft model. While effective, in application-specific settings, it often involves fine-tuning both…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Nikhil Bhendawade , Irina Belousova , Qichen Fu , Henry Mason , Mohammad Rastegari , Mahyar Najibi

To address the unsustainable rise in public health expenditures, the Hong Kong SAR Government is shifting its strategic focus to primary healthcare and encouraging citizens to use community resources to self-manage their health. However,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Richard Wai Cheung Chan , Shanru Lin , Ya-nan Ma , Hao Chen , Liangjun Jiang , Wenqi Fan

The growing demand for on-device large language model (LLM) inference highlights the need for efficient mobile edge computing (MEC) solutions, especially in resource-constrained settings. Speculative decoding offers a promising solution by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Jungyeon Koh , Hyun Jong Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become essential in advancing natural language processing (NLP) tasks, but their sequential token generation limits inference speed. Multi-Draft Speculative Decoding (MDSD) offers a promising solution by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Ryan Sun , Tianyi Zhou , Xun Chen , Lichao Sun

Speculative decoding accelerates large language model (LLM) inference by using a small draft model to generate candidate tokens for a larger target model to verify. The efficacy of this technique hinges on the trade-off between the time…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Jiebin Zhang , Zhenghan Yu , Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Eugene J. Yu , Zheng Li , Yifan Song , Dawei Zhu , Xingxing Zhang , Furu Wei , Sujian Li

Generative retrieval (GR) has emerged as a promising paradigm in recommendation systems by autoregressively decoding identifiers of target items. Despite its potential, current approaches typically rely on the next-token prediction schema,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Kairui Fu , Changfa Wu , Kun Yuan , Binbin Cao , Dunxian Huang , Yuliang Yan , Junjun Zheng , Jianning Zhang , Silu Zhou , Jian Wu , Kun Kuang

In modern multi-stage recommendation systems, reranking plays a critical role by modeling contextual information. Due to inherent challenges such as the combinatorial space complexity, an increasing number of methods adopt the generative…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Shuli Wang , Changhao Li , Ke Fan , Senjie Kou Junwei Yin , Chi Wang , Yinhua Zhu , Haitao Wang , Xingxing Wang

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is an important fine-tuning technique for large language models (LLMs) and comprises three stages: generation, inference, and training. The generation stage generates samples that are then…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Siqi Wang , Hailong Yang , Junjie Zhu , Xuezhu Wang , Yufan Xu , Depei Qian

Large reasoning models (LRMs) excel on complex problems but face a critical barrier to efficiency: reinforcement learning (RL) training requires long rollouts for outcome-based rewards, where autoregressive decoding dominates time and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Zeliang Zhang , Xiaodong Liu , Hao Cheng , Hao Sun , Chenliang Xu , Jianfeng Gao

Leveraging generative retrieval (GR) techniques to enhance search systems is an emerging methodology that has shown promising results in recent years. In GR, a text-to-text model maps string queries directly to relevant document identifiers…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-09-09 Yanjing Wu , Yinfu Feng , Jian Wang , Wenji Zhou , Yunan Ye , Rong Xiao , Jun Xiao

Inference efficiency in Large Language Models (LLMs) is fundamentally limited by their serial, autoregressive generation, especially as reasoning becomes a key capability and response sequences grow longer. Speculative decoding (SD) offers…

Large Language Models (LLMs), constrained by their auto-regressive nature, suffer from slow decoding. Speculative decoding methods have emerged as a promising solution to accelerate LLM decoding, attracting attention from both systems and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Xuliang Wang , Yuetao Chen , Maochan Zhen , Fang Liu , Xinzhou Zheng , Xingwu Liu , Hong Xu , Ming Li

Autoregressive decoding of large language models (LLMs) is memory bandwidth bounded, resulting in high latency and significant wastes of the parallel processing power of modern accelerators. Existing methods for accelerating LLM decoding…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Yichao Fu , Peter Bailis , Ion Stoica , Hao Zhang

Vision-language Models (VLMs) have made significant strides in visual understanding and query response generation, but often face challenges of high computational cost and inference latency due to autoregressive decoding. In this work, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Divya Jyoti Bajpai , Manjesh Kumar Hanawal

Large language model (LLM)-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) has recently attracted a lot of attention due to its high recognition accuracy and enhanced multi-dialect support. However, the high decoding latency of LLMs challenges the…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-07-29 Linye Wei , Shuzhang Zhong , Songqiang Xu , Runsheng Wang , Ru Huang , Meng Li

Generative retrieval (GR) ranks documents by autoregressively generating document identifiers. Because many GR methods rely on trie-constrained beam search, they are vulnerable to early pruning of relevant prefixes under finite-beam…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Kidist Amde Mekonnen , Yongkang Li , Yubao Tang , Simon Lupart , Maarten de Rijke

As Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant advancements across various tasks, such as question answering, translation, text summarization, and dialogue systems, the need for accuracy in information becomes crucial, especially for…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Yao Zhao , Zhitian Xie , Chen Liang , Chenyi Zhuang , Jinjie Gu

Recently, simultaneous translation has gathered a lot of attention since it enables compelling applications such as subtitle translation for a live event or real-time video-call translation. Some of these translation applications allow…

LLM serving platforms are increasingly deployed as multi-model cloud systems, where user demand is often long-tailed: a few popular large models receive most requests, while many smaller tail models remain underutilized. We propose…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Jincheng Xie , Yawen Ling , Qi Xiao , Feiyu Zhang , Zhongyi Huang , Wen Hu , Yu Zheng