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In-Context Reinforcement Learning (ICRL) enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to learn online from external rewards directly within the context window. However, a central challenge in ICRL is reward estimation, as models typically lack…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Wenxuan Jiang , Yuxin Zuo , Zijian Zhang , Xuecheng Wu , Zining Fan , Wenxuan Liu , Li Chen , Xiaoyu Li , Xuezhi Cao , Xiaolong Jin , Ninghao Liu

Most practical recommender systems focus on estimating immediate user engagement without considering the long-term effects of recommendations on user behavior. Reinforcement learning (RL) methods offer the potential to optimize…

Continuous-time reinforcement learning (CTRL) provides a natural framework for sequential decision-making in dynamic environments where interactions evolve continuously over time. While CTRL has shown growing empirical success, its ability…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-04 Runze Zhao , Yue Yu , Ruhan Wang , Chunfeng Huang , Dongruo Zhou

Learning control from pixels is difficult for reinforcement learning (RL) agents because representation learning and policy learning are intertwined. Previous approaches remedy this issue with auxiliary representation learning tasks, but…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-30 Trevor McInroe , Lukas Schäfer , Stefano V. Albrecht

In the era of information explosion, numerous items emerge every day, especially in feed scenarios. Due to the limited system display slots and user browsing attention, various recommendation systems are designed not only to satisfy users'…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-07-18 Jiayin Wang , Weizhi Ma , Chumeng Jiang , Min Zhang , Yuan Zhang , Biao Li , Peng Jiang

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) aims to explicitly infer an underlying reward function based on collected expert demonstrations. Considering that obtaining expert demonstrations can be costly, the focus of current IRL techniques is on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-16 Lu Li , Yuxin Pan , Ruobing Chen , Jie Liu , Zilin Wang , Yu Liu , Zhiheng Li

Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) incorporates temporal abstraction into reinforcement learning (RL) by explicitly taking advantage of hierarchical structure. Modern HRL typically designs a hierarchical agent composed of a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-24 Sang-Hyun Lee , Yoonjae Jung , Seung-Woo Seo

Session-based recommendation (SBR) aims to predict users' subsequent actions by modeling short-term interactions within sessions. Existing neural models primarily focus on capturing complex dependencies for sequential item transitions. As…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Minjin Choi , Sunkyung Lee , Seongmin Park , Jongwuk Lee

The evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced multi-turn conversation systems, emphasizing the need for proactive guidance to enhance users' interactions. However, these systems face challenges in dynamically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Xiaoyu Li , Xiao Li , Li Gao , Yiding Liu , Xiaoyang Wang , Shuaiqiang Wang , Junfeng Wang , Dawei Yin

Reinforcement learning (RL) often struggles with reward misalignment, where agents optimize given rewards but fail to exhibit the desired behaviors. This arises when the reward function incentivizes proxy behaviors misaligned with the true…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Mohammad Saif Nazir , Chayan Banerjee

An inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) agent learns to act intelligently by observing expert demonstrations and learning the expert's underlying reward function. Although learning the reward functions from demonstrations has achieved great…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-02-28 Wei Gao , David Hsu , Wee Sun Lee

A fundamental challenge in recommender systems is balancing reliability for Low-Active Users (LAUs) with diversity for High-Active Users (HAUs). The key to this balance lies in quantifying model uncertainty, which approximates the risk of…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Bob Junyi Zou , Sai Li , Tianyun Sun , Wentao Guo , Qinglei Wang

Text-based interactive recommendation provides richer user feedback and has demonstrated advantages over traditional interactive recommender systems. However, recommendations can easily violate preferences of users from their past…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-05-05 Ruiyi Zhang , Tong Yu , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin , Changyou Chen , Lawrence Carin

Reranking improves recommendation quality by modeling item interactions. However, existing methods often decouple ranking and reranking, leading to weak listwise evaluation models that suffer from combinatorial sparsity and limited…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Guoxiao Zhang , Tan Qu , Ao Li , DongLin Ni , Qianlong Xie , Xingxing Wang

Recommender systems are hedged with various requirements, such as ranking quality, optimisation efficiency, and item fairness. Item fairness is an emerging yet impending issue in practical systems. The notion of item fairness requires…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2022-11-22 Riku Togashi , Kenshi Abe

The core task of recommender systems is to learn user preferences from historical user-item interactions. With the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), recent research has explored leveraging the reasoning capabilities of LLMs…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Xiaoyu Kong , Junguang Jiang , Bin Liu , Ziru Xu , Han Zhu , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng , Jiancan Wu , Xiang Wang

Static feature exclusion strategies often fail to prevent bias when hidden dependencies influence the model predictions. To address this issue, we explore a reinforcement learning (RL) framework that integrates bias mitigation and automated…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Sudip Khadka , L. S. Paudel

In this work we explore the use of reinforcement learning (RL) to help with human decision making, combining state-of-the-art RL algorithms with an application to prosthetics. Managing human-machine interaction is a problem of considerable…

Live streaming recommender system is specifically designed to recommend real-time live streaming of interest to users. Due to the dynamic changes of live content, improving the timeliness of the live streaming recommender system is a…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-02-23 Fengqi Liang , Baigong Zheng , Liqin Zhao , Guorui Zhou , Qian Wang , Yanan Niu

Reinforcement learning (RL), a common tool in decision making, learns control policies from various experiences based on the associated cumulative return/rewards without treating them differently. Humans, on the contrary, often learn to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Mingkang Wu , Devin White , Vernon Lawhern , Nicholas R. Waytowich , Yongcan Cao