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Accurate uncertainty quantification (UQ) in Large Language Models (LLMs) is critical for trustworthy deployment. While real-world language is inherently ambiguous, reflecting aleatoric uncertainty, existing UQ methods are typically…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Tim Tomov , Dominik Fuchsgruber , Tom Wollschläger , Stephan Günnemann

Large Language Model (LLM) hallucinations are usually treated as defects of the model or its decoding strategy. Drawing on classical linguistics, we argue that a query's form can also shape a listener's (and model's) response. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 William Watson , Nicole Cho , Sumitra Ganesh , Manuela Veloso

Hallucinations are outputs by Large Language Models (LLMs) that are factually incorrect yet appear plausible [1]. This paper investigates how such hallucinations influence users' trust in LLMs and users' interaction with LLMs. To explore…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-11 Adrian Ryser , Florian Allwein , Tim Schlippe

As LLM-powered chatbots are increasingly deployed in mental health services, detecting hallucinations and omissions has become critical for user safety. However, state-of-the-art LLM-as-a-judge methods often fail in high-risk healthcare…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Khizar Hussain , Bradley A. Malin , Zhijun Yin , Susannah Leigh Rose , Murat Kantarcioglu

In the age of misinformation, hallucination - the tendency of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate non-factual or unfaithful responses - represents the main risk for their global utility. Despite LLMs becoming increasingly multilingual,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Saad Obaid ul Islam , Anne Lauscher , Goran Glavaš

Social networks profoundly influence how humans form opinions, exchange information, and organize collectively. As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded into social and professional environments, it is critical to…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Marios Papachristou , Yuan Yuan

Understanding how emotions diffuse through social networks is central to computational social science. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly used to simulate social media interactions, raising the question of whether…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2025-12-25 Qiqi Qiang

Understanding the internal thinking process of Large Language Models (LLMs) and the cause of hallucinations remains a key challenge. To this end, we introduce latent debate, a novel framework for interpreting model predictions through the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Lihu Chen , Xiang Yin , Francesca Toni

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown exceptional results on current benchmarks when working individually. The advancement in their capabilities, along with a reduction in parameter size and inference times, has facilitated the use of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-27 Alfonso Amayuelas , Xianjun Yang , Antonis Antoniades , Wenyue Hua , Liangming Pan , William Wang

With the widespread use of large language models (LLMs), understanding their potential failure modes during user interactions is essential. In practice, users often pose multiple questions in a single conversation with LLMs. Therefore, in…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-28 Kehao Miao , Xiaolong Jin

Recent research has shown that hallucinations, omissions, and biases are prevalent in everyday use-cases of LLMs. However, chatbots used in medical contexts must provide consistent advice in situations where non-medical factors are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Jonathan Liu , Haoling Qiu , Jonathan Lasko , Damianos Karakos , Mahsa Yarmohammadi , Mark Dredze

Large language models (LLMs) based on generative pre-trained Transformer have achieved remarkable performance on knowledge graph question-answering (KGQA) tasks. However, LLMs often produce ungrounded subgraph planning or reasoning results…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Mufan Xu , Kehai Chen , Xuefeng Bai , Muyun Yang , Tiejun Zhao , Min Zhang

The remarkable performance of large language models (LLMs) in content generation, coding, and common-sense reasoning has spurred widespread integration into many facets of society. However, integration of LLMs raises valid questions on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-03 Ola Shorinwa , Zhiting Mei , Justin Lidard , Allen Z. Ren , Anirudha Majumdar

Advancements in natural language processing have revolutionized the way we can interact with digital information systems, such as databases, making them more accessible. However, challenges persist, especially when accuracy is critical, as…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Larissa Pusch , Tim O. F. Conrad

Large Language Models (LLMs) are optimized to produce distributionally plausible continuations rather than to explicitly verify whether generated propositions are entailed by source documents. This inductive bias enables generalization, but…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Paul Landes , Pranav Herur , Adam Cross , Jimeng Sun

Despite significant strides in factual reliability, errors -- often termed hallucinations -- remain a major concern for generative AI, especially as LLMs are increasingly expected to be helpful in more complex or nuanced setups. Yet even in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Gal Yona , Mor Geva , Yossi Matias

Large Language Models often generate factually incorrect but plausible outputs, known as hallucinations. We identify a more insidious phenomenon, LLM delusion, defined as high belief hallucinations, incorrect outputs with abnormally high…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Hongshen Xu , Zixv yang , Zichen Zhu , Kunyao Lan , Zihan Wang , Mengyue Wu , Ziwei Ji , Lu Chen , Pascale Fung , Kai Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing, achieving remarkable performance across diverse tasks. However, their impressive fluency often comes at the cost of producing false or fabricated information, a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Aisha Alansari , Hamzah Luqman

Although demonstrating superb performance on various NLP tasks, large language models (LLMs) still suffer from the hallucination problem, which threatens the reliability of LLMs. To measure the level of hallucination of LLMs, previous works…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-09-12 Li Du , Yequan Wang , Xingrun Xing , Yiqun Ya , Xiang Li , Xin Jiang , Xuezhi Fang

Recent work has demonstrated state-of-the-art results in large language model (LLM) hallucination detection and mitigation through consistency-based approaches which involve aggregating multiple responses sampled from a single LLM for a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Demian Till , John Smeaton , Peter Haubrick , Gouse Saheb , Florian Graef , David Berman